省级以下检察机关垂直管理体制研究

我国现行检察管理体制存在泛行政化、地方化、非规范化等问题,不利于检察权的有效行使和检察队伍的职业化.因此,应当立足于我国国情,改革省级以下检察机关的管理体制,实行省级以下检察机关的垂直管理.     

An evaluation of measurement uncertainty of trajectory angles using a 3D laser scanner

Measuring trajectory angles of bullet defects at a crime scene is an important part of crime scene investigation as these angles can be used for shooting incident reconstructions. The Washington State Patrol Crime Scene Response Team (WSP CSRT) had a desire to report and use measured trajectory angles. To report quantitative measurements, a statement of uncertainty for the measurement must also be reported due to an accreditation requirement through the ANSI National Accreditation Board (ANAB), through which the WSP CSRT is accredited. This evaluation examined the measurement uncertainty of the 3D laser scanning method that the WSP CSRT utilizes for measuring the vertical and azimuth angles from trajectory rods fitted to bullet defects. Three studies were performed which examined the variation of vertical and azimuth angle measurements from trajectory rods on flat surfaces, the variation of azimuth angle measurements from a trajectory rod on a curved surface, and a traceability study with known vertical and azimuth angle measurements. Seven common substrates were selected as target materials and were shot with 9 mm Luger and 0.45 Auto caliber bullets. A vehicle with one bullet defect was utilized for the curved surface study. The WSP's current fleet of Trimble X7 3D laser scanners, the WSP Criminal Investigation Division (CID) Detectives who operate these scanners, and the Forensic Scientists responsible for trajectory rod placement and angle measurements were utilized. An overall measurement uncertainty of +/− 2.6 degrees at an approximate 95% confidence interval was determined for all trajectory angles measured from trajectory rods.     

关于我国检察机关领导体制若干问题的思考

我国现行宪法规定了检察机关上下级之间的领导关系,但是由于外部保障体制不健全以及内部管理机制不完善,造成这一领导关系在实践中被严重弱化,建议从人财物管理体制和内部管理机制等方面进行改革,逐步实现真正意义上的检察一体化。     

Antitrust, Marketing Cooperatives, and Market Power

Marketing cooperatives are common in agricultural markets. This article explores their price and welfare effects and relates to antitrust legislation in the United States, the European Union, and some of the EU member states-in particular, Sweden. Welfare is higher with a monopoly cooperative than with a profit-maximizing monopoly, if the scope for price discrimination is small and if the world-market price is low relative to the domestic price. As the world-market price rises (or as price discrimination becomes more important), the welfare effect is reversed. The price-discrimination effect suggests that, as a marketing cooperative integrates vertically, welfare may fall. These results carry over to a duopoly with a cooperative firm and a profit-maximizing firm. In such a duopoly, the cooperative behaves more aggressively and obtains a larger market share. Empirical evidence supports these conclusions.     

“垂直领导”:法院体制改革的重大误区

本文认为 ,当前法院体制改革中 ,主张将人、财、物权划归最高人民法院统管 ,即在法院系统内部实行“垂直领导”的观点是值得商榷的。并从制度层面、理论观念和传统意识的角度 ,对这种观点的问题和形成原因进行了深入分析和论证     

Regulation and Third-Party Discrimination in the German Electricity Supply Industry

Despite the monopolistic networks, the liberalized electricity supply industry in Germany is unregulated; the network-access charges are only subject to competition law, not to ex-ante approval. This paper explores the consequences of this policy by analyzing empirical observation with the theory of vertical relations. It concludes that the authorities' focus should be on the level of the access charges and not on discriminatory behavior. Unregulated access charges imply that the integrated firms have different incentives as compared to the independent entrants with respect to the competitive markets. Thereby, the principle of a level playing field is violated.     

变截面桩竖向承载性状的模型实验研究

利用自行研发的试验装置进行了半桩模型试验研究,分析了变截面桩的荷载-沉降曲线、桩身轴力分布情况、桩身侧摩阻力分布情况,并与常规等截面桩进行比较.模型试验结果表明：变截面桩较等截面桩更有利于减小桩体的沉降量,但从单桩沉降变形的角度看,变截面桩存在最佳变径比.当变径比超过这一最佳值时,变径比越大,桩的沉降变形也就越大,甚至超过等截面桩的沉降量.桩顶荷载首先并主要通过变截面处以上桩身传递,该部分桩身段是主要承载部位.由于变截面处下部土体对桩的支撑作用,变截面桩的桩身轴力在变截面处附近有较大程度的衰减.变截面桩的桩身侧摩阻力比常规等截面桩发挥更加充分.     

我国行政监察制度存在的主要问题与改革建议

行政监察作为行政机关内部的一种自律性监督,是行政管理运行机制中不可缺少的组成部分.随着我国社会政治经济的发展,腐败事件层出不穷,行政监察在腐败事件面前显得虚弱无力.现阶段如何健全与完善行政监察制度,成为我们面临的一个重要课题.根据中外历史经验和我国实际情况,应将行政监察机关从目前的行政系统中划出来单独设置,实行垂直领导,并进一步强化和扩大行政监察机关职权,建设高素质的行政监察队伍,完善行政监察法律法规体系.     

The use of economic analysis by the Supreme Court in applying the concept of the relevant market

Attention by the courts to what constitutes a market has resulted from litigation enforcement by both the Federal Trade Commission and the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice, especially in connection with the amended section 7 of the Clayton Act. The termmarket is not mentioned in either the Clayton or the Sherman Acts. What constitutes a part of commerce, a line of commerce, or section of the country has been interpreted by the courts to mean a market. A market in antitrust administration then becomes judicial—a process of interpreting the language of the antitrust statutes.     

关于口供补强证据规则的研究

口供补强证据规则是防止误判、保证判决正确性的重要证据规则。我国学界及实务部门对该规则的研究尚浅．国外学者对补强证据规则的一些方面也存在很多争议,因此有必要对口供扑强证据规则的内涵及构成要件部分重新作出界定。