也谈图书馆的网站建设

图书馆是公益性单位,图书馆不仅需要管理好图书,管理好内部事务,更需要与读者沟通,为读者服务。图书馆网站是图书馆服务广大读者的窗口和平台,网站建设的好坏是当今评价一个图书馆服务好坏的标准之一。但是目前的图书馆网站存在很多令人不满的问题,通过对这些问题的描述,进而提出解决这些问题的方法,并提出网站的建设不仅需要完美的设计,更重要的要舍得花人力和精力去维护。     

以刑罚威吓诽谤、诋毁、谣言?——论刑罚权对网络有害信息传播的干预程度

网络有害信息传播行为,应根据法治精神进行规制。对于不同类型的传播行为,应根据针对对象及其利益的不同加以区分对待。运用刑罚权来惩罚传播网络有害信息的行为人,应充分考虑刑罚权出现的正当性问题。只有给客观的、受法律确认或者为公序良俗所认可的利益造成损害或者可能造成损害的情况下,刑罚权出现才可能具有正当性。遏制网络有害信息传播,应特别注意与保障言论自由的平衡。     

开启弹子锁的痕迹比对及技术防范分析

基于弹子锁的结构和开启原理,介绍了犯罪现场较常见的开启弹子锁(包括特殊锁具)的方法:钥匙开启与特殊工具开启。通过对开启痕迹的分析判断,可以区分开启方法,对警方破案具有积极地引导作用。文末提出了弹子锁的改进方法,对弹子锁的生产改进具有积极地意义。     

法律实证研究中的伦理问题 以刑事法为视角

在刑事法律实证研究中,由于被研究者多为极易受到研究伤害的弱势群体,研究过程及结果又往往涉及司法改革和司法公正等重大问题,因而研究伦理亟需规范。实证研究本质上是一种生产知识的方法,对刑事法律实证研究的伦理规范主要是对研究权力的规范,目的是防止知识、权力与资本的“共谋”。应当遵循自律、纪律和法律的总体思路,设立伦理审查委员会,依据尊重、保护、公正、全面的原则,规范我国的刑事法律实证研究。在规范的同时还要建立相应的保障机制,以解决实践中法律实证研究难以开展的不利局面。     

数字化技术在法医颅脑损伤生物力学分析中的应用

颅脑损伤是法医学鉴定的重点和难点,传统的颅脑损伤生物力学分析存在技术手段陈旧、分析数据模糊等问题。基于影像学的虚拟解剖技术和有限元分析技术具有非侵入、细节还原充分和力学数据准确等优点,在颅脑损伤生物力学分析中引入先进的数字化技术可提高鉴定证据客观性,推动学科的发展。     

Gathering human intelligence via repeated interviewing: further empirical tests of the Scharff technique

Research on investigative interviewing has only recently started to compare the efficacy of different techniques for gathering intelligence from human sources. So far the research has focused exclusively on sources interviewed once, thus overlooking that most sources are interviewed multiple times. The present study attempts to remedy this gap in the literature. Students (N?=?66) took on the role of semi-cooperative sources, holding incomplete information about an upcoming terrorist attack. The sources were informed that they would be interviewed at least once, and that additional interviews might follow. Half of the sources were interviewed on three occasions with the Scharff technique (consisting of five tactics), and the other half was interviewed on three occasions using the so-called direct approach (i.e. open-ended and specific questions). Collapsing the outcome over the three interviews, the Scharff technique resulted in significantly more new information compared to the direct approach. Furthermore, sources interviewed by the direct approach overestimated how much new information they had revealed, whereas the sources interviewed by the Scharff technique underestimated their contribution (although not significantly so). The current study advances previous research by further contextualizing the tests of the efficacy of human intelligence gathering techniques.     

法学教育的内容设定

法律人才既应该是具有特殊性素质的全面性人才,也应该是具有普遍性素质的专门性人才。法学教育的内容应该是一个丰富的知识体系。概括说来,在法学教育中,教育的内容主要有三个方面,即法律规则与技术,法律原理与理论以及人文知识与精神。法学教育的内容应是普遍性与针对性的统一。     

Two-dimensional linear analysis of dynamic bare footprints: A comparison of measurement techniques

In forensic intelligence-gathering, footprints have been shown to be valued evidence found at crime scenes. Forensic podiatrists and footprint examiners use a variety of techniques for measuring footprints for comparison of the crime scene evidence with the exemplar footprints. This study examines three different techniques of obtaining two-dimensional linear measurement data of dynamic bare footprints. Dynamic bare footprints were gathered from 50 students from a podiatric medical school using the Identicator® Inkless Shoe Print Model LE 25P system. After obtaining 100 bilateral footprints from the participants, the quantitative measurement data were collected by using three different measurement techniques: (i) a manual technique using a ruler (direct technique); (ii) an Adobe® Photoshop® technique; and (iii) a GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) technique. The seven Reel linear measurement methodology was used for producing measurements using these three techniques.This study showed that all the mean bare footprint measurements on the right and left feet obtained using the direct technique were larger than those obtained using GIMP and Adobe® Photoshop® images. Differences were also observed in measurements produced using GIMP software and Photoshop images. However, the differences observed in the three techniques used for bare footprint measurements were not found to be statistically significant. The study concludes that there are no significant differences between the three measurement techniques when applied to two-dimensional bare footprints using the Reel method. It further concluded that any of these measurement techniques can be used when employing the Reel methodology for footprint analysis without significant difference.     

Contactless Visualization of Latent Fingerprints on Nonporous Curved Surfaces of Circular Cross Section—A Statistical Evaluation on the Materials as Plane Mirror

A new contactless technique for latent fingerprint visualization on nonporous curved surfaces of circular cross section was introduced by Low et al. (1). The technique utilizes a plane mirror to convey the light rays toward the inspected surfaces for latent fingerprint visualization. This research activity came up as an extension of the previous study which utilized an aluminum plate as the plane mirror to illuminate the inspected surfaces. Dulling spray was used to increase the diffuse component of the reflective aluminum plate. However, the amount of dulling spray will affect the uniformity of the illumination on the inspected curved surfaces. In this study, a study on the new materials for the plane mirror was carried out. Coated aluminum, opal, and ground glass diffusers were selected as the new materials. The performance of the new materials was compared to the aluminum based on the quality of the captured images on various nonporous cylindrical surfaces. A statistical approach known as randomized complete block design was used to design the experiment. The quality of the captured images was obtained using Spectral Image Validation and Verification. Two‐way analysis of variance and Fisher's least significant difference test were used to analyze the quality of the images. From the results of the statistical analysis, coated aluminum has the best performance compared to aluminum, opal, and ground glass diffusers.     

谈心理测试技术介入刑事诉讼

心理测试技术作为一种应用广泛的科技手段,在侦查实践中发挥着重要作用。但是,心理测试的结果能否作为刑事诉讼的证据,法律上对此并未作出明确的规定。为了进一步规范心理测试技术的应用,有必要就这项技术的产生、发展及其科学原理和测试结果在刑事诉讼中的地位等方面进行深入探讨,并建立、健全心理测试技术应用制度。