机体死亡后组织细胞DNA含量与死亡时间推断

早期死亡时间的推断方法有许多,但近年来通过测量组织细胞DNA含量的变化规律来推断早期死亡时间越来越引起人们的注意。本文就常见的细胞DNA含量的检测方法、变化规律及其在实践中的应用情况加以论述,并对不同检测方法和实际应用效果、前景加以评定。     

The development and application of a diatom-based quantitative reconstruction technique in forensic science

Diatoms are a group of unicellular algae that have been recorded and classified for over 200 years and have been used in a range of applications in forensic science. We have developed a quantitative diatom-based reconstruction technique to confirm drowning as a cause of death and localize the site of drowning in two recent, high-profile, case studies. In both case studies we collected diatom samples from the local and/or regional area to act as a control in the examination of diatom assemblages associated with lungs and clothing. In Case Study 1 the modern analog technique suggested that all lung and clothing samples have statistically significant similarities to control samples from shallow water habitats. In Case Study 2, the analog matching suggested that the majority of lung samples show a statistically significant relationship to samples from a pond, indicating that this was the drowning medium.     

对当前刑事犯罪活动规律特点及对策的研究

近年来,全国各地的政法机关一直对刑事犯罪进行"严打"整治,然而刑事案件并没有因此减少,相反,刑事犯罪在数量上逐年呈观出较大的增长势头,刑事案件的种类日趋多样化,刑事犯罪本身也出现了许多新的特点。为了适应新形势下的新情况,文章对当前的刑事犯罪的活动规律、特点进行了认真、全面的分析,进而找出了相应的对策。     

胎儿的HLA-A、-B抗原的测定——附4例测定结果报告

本文介绍了用 NIH 技术成功地测定了四例胎龄为8个月至6个月胎儿的 HLA-A、-B 抗原的结果,提出了在实验中常遇到的问题和解决的办法,以及评定结果时注意的事项。本方法在某些亲子鉴定案件中具有重要实用意义。     

非同位素标记DNA探针初步研究

本文报导了将辣根过氧化物酶直接标记在单链 DNA 探针上,制备出非同位素的 DNA 探针,采用化学光增强法检测杂交结果,所得图谱清晰,容易判读。所制备出的 DNA 探针可用于人类性别鉴定和个体识别,为 DNA 检验技术推广应用开辟了新的领域。     

Web Services技术及其在EAI中的应用研究

Web Services是一种面向服务的体系结构,其突出优点是实现了真正意义上的平台独立性和语言独立性。企业应用集成(简称EAI)是集成各种异构系统的有效方案。在分析了Web Services的体系结构和关键技术后,借助MVC软件架构、XML及中间件技术封装企业现有系统,设计了在J2EE平台上基于Web Services的开放式企业应用集成框架,使企业能快速适应变化的商业环境。     

CT-VRT测量西南地区汉族人胸骨柄体和与身高的相关性

目的采用CT容积再现技术(CT volume rendering technique,CT-VRT)测量西南地区汉族人胸骨柄体和,建立其与身高的回归方程。方法 160例(男、女性各80例)西南地区汉族成年体检者通过CTVRT(重建层厚1 mm)分别测量胸骨柄长和体长,二者的代数和即为柄体和。同时测量受检者真实身高,分别建立男、女性柄体和与身高的回归方程。结果分别建立了男、女性胸骨柄体和(x3)与身高(y)之间关系的一元回归方程(男性:y=135.000+2.118 x3;女性:y=120.790+2.808 x3)。两方程均具有统计学意义(P0.05),且预测准确性均为100%。结论 CT-VRT能作为胸骨指标测量的有效方法。采用CT-VRT测量的胸骨柄体和能应用于西南地区汉族人身高推算。     

互联网时代下的言论自由及其限制

言论自由是国际人权法和各国宪法所规定的一项基本人权。互联网平台使言论自由获得一种新兴的传播方式与表达渠道,虚拟的共同体成为其特殊载体和存在空间,隐秘性、多向性、迅捷性等成为其明显突出的特点。言论自由在凭借网络实现便利表达之时,过激言论和舆论暴力等现象借助网络空间不断地滋生蔓延,故有必要对网络言论加以法律限制。我国目前的法律对其调控重事后惩治轻事前预防,可操作性较低,应当把言论自由权细化和融入到实体法之中,用更多的实施细则强化对言论自由的监管。     

Standardization of Histological Procedures for the Detection of Toxic Substances by Immunohistochemistry in Dipteran Larvae of Forensic Importance

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique is an alternative toxicological analysis to detect drugs in insects of forensic importance, but it requires thorough histological procedures. In this study, we tested different fixatives—phosphate‐buffered paraformaldehyde 4% (PP), Carnoy's fluid (CF), Kahle's solution (KS), ethanol in different concentrations, and ethanol associated to PP and CF, time of fixation and histological processes for dipteran larvae's tissue, aiming to develop a sample preparation protocol for IHC application. A suitable fixation was achieved using PP for 12 and 24 h, CF for 3 h, 70% ethanol for 19 days, and 70% ethanol/CF for 2 h/3 h. Postfixation using negative pressure, two immersions in xylene for 30 min each, and one in xylene plus paraffin for 45 min increased tissue preservation. An immunohistochemical test for cocaine detection was performed using monoclonal benzoylecgonine antibody from mouse, peroxidase‐conjugated anti‐mouse IgG and visualized by 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine method showed these histological procedures didn't compromise antigenicity.     

Two cultural worlds in one family

The author discusses the problem of continuity and discontinuity over three generations of a Russian family while describing cultural change in everyday practice during a long historical period. The issue of cultural transmission is investigated because the couples' lineages belonged to conflicting cultural worlds representing two ideologically alien discourses during the Soviet times. While analyzing these two cultural worlds as systems and the conflict between them, the author seeks to answer the question on why both cultural models were rejected by the next generation. What was the character and mechanism of transmission in this case? What are the consequences of cultural conflict for the future of the family itself and for the wider social context in the future cultural discourse in Russia?