陕甘宁边区高等法院对民事习惯的调查、甄别与适用

从1942年5月开始,陕甘宁边区高等法院通过法院系统内部上下级部署工作和学习任务的形式,以县为单位,由各县审判人员对本县的风俗习惯进行了比较系统的调查和甄别。截止1944年9月,该院共收集到8个县69条具有权利义务内容的民事习惯,并由收集者对之进行了初步的甄别。在此基础上,该院在民事案件的审理中适用了某些习惯。民事习惯的调查、甄别和适用,促进了审判人员对社会的了解和对民事习惯的认知,丰富了民事案件审判工作。该院虽然对所收集到的习惯进行了简单的整理,但未能完成系统的分析,也未制定出相关的政策和规则,因此这次调查未能发挥出更大的作用。     

赌咒发誓作为“另类规范”之存在意义

有一些不被主流意识认同的“另类规范”,它们存在于某一社会共同体中,能有效调整人与人之间、人与社会之间的关系,但在国家层面上并不得到认同。赌咒发誓就是这样的“另类规范”。作为超验性经验的赌咒发誓一般存在于同一文化背景的社会中,起源于自我意识并与人性相通,自成独立的惩戒系统。它在社会中实际解决纠纷的作用不可低估,因为任何社会不可能只有正式的社会规范,特别是一个健康和谐的社会。     

Linkages between the Montreal and Kyoto Protocols – Enhancing Synergies between Protecting the Ozone Layer and the Global Climate

The international treaties for the protection of the ozone layer and the global climate are closely related. Not only has the Montreal Protocol for the protection of the ozone layer served as a useful example in developing the international climate regime, but policies pursued in both issue areas influence each other. This paper gives an overview of the many ways in which both treaty systems are linked functionally and politically. It investigates, in particular, the tension that has arisen with respect to the use of fluorinated greenhouse gases and the potential for drawing on the experience under the Montreal Protocol regarding data reporting and policy design on fluorinated greenhouse gases under the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The potentials for enhancing synergy in these areas are explored, and related options discussed. Some initiatives for exploiting these potentials are already underway, aiming in particular at enhancing learning and exchanging of information. However, political choices concerning some of the issues willeventually need to be made, if action at the international level is to contribute to their solution.     

农村婚俗与法的冲突及整合

透析婚俗与法的关系可以发现,不同时代的婚俗在一定程度上反映了同时代的社会经济与政治形态,就目前我国的婚俗来分析,基本呈现出现代的、健康的、发展的婚俗状态的同时,也具有与现行法律不协调甚至冲突之处。解决这种冲突,不能简单地以"俗"定"法",而应期待物质基础与意识形态的协调发展,以实现二者的有效整合。     

Which trademarks are detrimental to socialist morals or customs or have other unhealthy influences according to Chinese trademark law？

The paper at hand analyses how the Chinese Trademark Office （CTMO） and the Chinese Trademark and Adjudication Board （TRAB） implement Article 10 cipher 8 paragraph 1 of the Chinese trademark law. This provision prohibits the use-and hence the registration-of certain words and devices as trademarks which are ＂detrimental to socialist morals or customs＂ or ＂have other unhealthy influences＂. The paper primarily intends to concretize this open-end provision for practitioners by giving examples of signs which have been rejected by the competent authorities in the past but may also deliver some amusing insights into Chinese conventions for Non-Chinese readers.     

德江2.8群体性事件的民间法反思

元宵舞龙灯、炸龙灯是贵州省德江县土家族群众延续百年的传统民俗,政府禁止在主城区舞龙的政令是引发贵州德江2.8群体性事件的直接导火索,从民间法视角出发对德江2.8群体性事件进行反思,政府行使公权力的同时应充分尊重传统民俗,并慎用强权对待民众诉求,以转化民众对其的刻板成见。     

The West Awakens

正Long overshadowed by the east,west China is set to take center stage as it blazes an economic trail to Central Asia By Bai ShiRakhat,a Kazakh chocolate brand,tapestries of Akhal-teke horses and Turkmenistan’s traditional handicrafts were just some of the exotic products from Central Asian countries catching the eye of many a Chinese visitor at the first Silk Road     

蛇王节·闽越文化·稻作习俗--浅谈闽北樟湖的蛇王节

闽北樟湖蛇王节的民俗事象,其文化内涵显示了蛇信仰的文化遗存.再深入一层,从稻作农业结构的文化氛围入手,可以得知,此种活蛇崇拜起源于稻作习俗中的祈年祭和祈雨行为.     

试述WTO与国际惯例和国际经济法的关系

本文指出 :了解并熟悉WTO、国际惯例和国际经济法之间的关系 ,对于国人应对入世面临的各种挑战尤为重要。文章对GATT到WTO的演进轨迹以及它与国际惯例和国际经济法之间的关系进行了系统的阐述。     

Costs and benefits of informal economy: shuttle trade and crime at Cherkizovsky market

According to IMF and OSCE reports, informal economic transactions in Russia and other states of the former Communist Bloc have cushioned the shocks of economic and political transition of the 1990s by quickly satisfying the consumer demand and providing unofficial jobs to the population faced with transition recession. As these analyses extensively emphasise the advantages of informal entrepreneurship and its positive contribution to stimulating economic growth, this article explores the phenomenon of shuttle trade – a system/form of informal trade outside state control that does not comply with state regulations – as an issue of concern for criminologists. This article investigates the convergence of shuttle trade and criminal activities and the relationship of shuttle trade to the formal regulatory environment. It offers insights into selected criminal activities at Cherkizovsky market in Moscow before its shutdown in 2009 and an evaluation of the policymaking decisions the shutdown triggered.