宋格初探

宋初,编敕为最主要、最经常的立法形式,格的地位及作用明显衰微。神宗元丰以后,对格的编订又明显增加,其编纂体例等也有变化。这一变化的原因,是神宗对编敕、令、格、式的性质作重新界定,使格的性质发生显著变化:格完全行政法化,成为令的实施细则。格的性质的变化,其内在原因是编敕的刑法化。由于宋格成为令的实施细则,原为令的实施细则及公文程式的式则成为纯粹的公文程式。由于编敕、格性质及立法功能的变化,使得宋朝的立法模式也发生变化,即由宋初主要通过编敕进行立法的模式,变成对敕、令、格、式统一编订的立法模式。     

Social structure of the Jewish quarter in Vienna during the liberal era (1850–1900)

The article examines the nature of residential and coresidential patterns in the second half of the 19th century in a district of Vienna known as Leopoldstadt, which had a large Jewish population. Analysis of a database from this district, paying attention to occupation and class variables, suggests that the Jewish population therein was more mixed than traditional interpretations suggest, and that the concentration of Jews there can plausibly be explained mainly by reference to residential choices made by Jews to live near an economic infrastructure that catered to their religious and cultural needs. The patterns identified in the data suggest further that in interpreting the residential patterns of the city it is necessary to conceptualize the problem as one of interaction between religion, economics, and residential choice.     

试论审前程序主体在侦查阶段之关系

审前程序犹如刑事诉讼整个大厦的地基 ,如果没有科学的、合理性的建构 ,之后的诉讼程序将难以为继。本文通过采用结构主义理论和比较研究的方法 ,就刑事审判前程序中的几个重要问题作了阐发和论证。总的目标是在侦查程序中构建中立司法机构的审查和控制机制 ,建立“程序性裁判”制度 ,使侦查程序中涉及限制人身权利和自由的行为纳入司法审查和诉讼的轨道 ,在惩罚犯罪和保护人权之间找到一个合乎理性的平衡点。     

网络隐私权保护的理论基础及模式选择

从网络隐私权保护理论基点逻辑展开,探讨保护网络隐私权的价值意义,选择适宜的综合系统保护模式,以在隐私权与信息自由化之间建立利益平衡机制。     

“司法和谐“的维度

司法和谐是和谐社会的应有之义,是法治建设的目标,是现代司法理念的创新。本文从和谐主义模式的构建、协同主义的推动、多元纠纷解决机制的确立三个方面探讨如何把握司法和谐的维度。     

试论未成年犯社区矫正的几点意义

社区矫正是与监禁矫正相对应的行刑方式。在我国实施的社区矫正工作,有一大部分是针对青少年犯罪的。现阶段未成年犯社区矫正的意义主要有:一、符合未成年人身心特征;二、有效地克服了监禁刑罚的弊端;三、有利于同世界发达国家的刑罚模式接轨。     

“直接适用的法“与公共秩序保留制度比较研究

在国际私法中,适用直接适用的法和公共秩序保留制度都可以达到排除外国法,从而维护本国的主权和利益的效果,其中"直接适用的法"作为20世纪中期兴起的一种理论学说,反映了随着国家职能的加强,国家要求进一步加强对政治、经济、生活干预的要求.而传统国际私法中的公共保留制度在近来也发生了变化.作为能够达到同样目的的两种手段,两者之间关系如何?是否具有互换性?本文拟就此问题进行分析阐述,并对公共秩序保留制度中间接限制模式的存在提出新的见解.     

Detecting Spatial Movement of Intra-Region Crime Patterns Over Time

Many of the traditional measures of the degree to which crime patterns change over space and time have limitations. In particular most are unable to determine any change in spatial crime pattern within an areal unit. Usually studies measure the change in crime levels in contiguous areas (expressed as discrete sub-divisions of a study area), but this can become problematic due to difficulties such as the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP). This paper describes a technique developed to allow researchers to examine intra-study region changes in crime patterns between two time periods without the need to aggregate crime counts to within-city areal boundaries. The method presented uses a random point nearest neighbor test combined with a Monte Carlo simulation. The process resolves problems of patterning and the MAUP that are common with a number of spatial displacement and pattern movement studies. This technique is demonstrated with example data from a city-wide police burglary crackdown in the Australian capital.     

几种视觉诱发电位技术推断正常成人远视力的比较

目的比较研究几种图形视觉诱发电位技术对视力推断的价值。方法取正常眼40只,分别测试其图形翻转视觉诱发电位、黑白条栅扫描视觉诱发电位和红黑条栅扫描视觉诱发电位,据此推算实验视力,分别与真实视力进行比较,同时各种方法进行彼此比较。结果黑白条栅扫描视觉诱发电位和红黑条栅扫描视觉诱发电位较之图形翻转视觉诱发电位能更为准确、方便、快捷地反映真实视力水平。结论黑白条栅扫描视觉诱发电位和红黑条栅扫描视觉诱发电位与图形翻转视觉诱发电位一样,可用于眼外伤的法医学鉴定。     

司法行为模式论——以行为理论为视角

行为模式的差异性决定行为据以发生的权力在属性上的差别,而行为模式的差异性则往往由行为对象所决定。正是司法行为对象的差异性决定了司法行为体系中存在着目的行为、戏剧行为、规范调节行为以及交往行为等不同模式及其相互之间的差异性,而这种行为模式的差异性又决定了作为司法权构成要件的司法解释权、司法审判权、司法监督权与司法调解权等四项子权力在行为模式上的差异性。