JAPANESE AND AMERICAN ATTITUDES TOWARD THE ABOLITION OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

Japanese and Americans are compared in terms of the extent each sample believes that capital punishment should be abolished, Blacks and white American females are more likely to approve of the abolition of capital punishment. No differences by sex were found in the Japanese sample. For both countries, those who are younger and more educated hold less punitive attitudes The Japanese as a whole are less likely than Americans to approve of the abolition of capital punishment. Problems found in cross-cultural secondary analysis are discussed.     

MEASURING PROFESSIONALISM IN LAW ENFORCEMENT

The five-dimension scale of professionalism developed hy Hall and revised by Snizek was used to assess the level of professionalism among the members of three small law enforcement agencies. Conceptually it is unclear whether “professionalism” is what the scale is measuring, and technically there are problems of wording and redundancy on some of the items and a suggestion of nonunidimensionality on the subscale measuring autonomy. Nevertheless, factor analysis showed that, with few exceptions, the basic empirical integrity of the scale is reaffirmed. Based on these preliminary findings a number of cautions are offered to guard against misapplication of the scale in future research.     

Wang Huaiqing：Search for Identity

正For the true artist,what is important is finding what is spiritual.I believe we need more spiritual value and direction in art today.""MY association w i t h W a n g Huaiqing dates back to 1987.I worked on an exhibition that brought paintings by over 70 artists to New York for the first major showing of contemporary Chinese art in the U.S.Huaiqing was one of about a dozen artists who came from China to attend the opening.Subsequently,he remained in the States under the sponsorship of collector Robert     

Yu Hong： Paintings that Show the Passage of Time

"My paintings in the beginning were about self-discovery.My style hasn’t changed that much over the past 15years,but the story has evolved.I’m now more interested in the lives of others around me."     

Yon Ping： Deal with the Eternal

A lot of Chinese painters today work in a realist style because they believe it is more objective in dealing with current events and that seems to be popular. I work in an expressionist style and thematically, I deal with that which is eternal.     

Zhou Tiehai：It Is not Difficult to Make Art

正ZHOU Tiehai is an extraordinary facilitator and clever conceptual artist.Both of these traits have made him a successful contradiction in the contemporary Chinese art world of the past12 years.He has encouraged a younger generation of artists to think about new and unique approaches to identifying themselves.A graduate of the Shanghai College of Fine Arts in painting and design,     

A Refugee from Justice? Disparate Treatment in the Federal Court of Canada

This article paints a troubling picture of disparate treatment in the Federal Court of Canada. Examining more than 600 immigration and refugee claims, the results link judicial action to litigants' representation, their demographics and national region, and the background and ideology of the judges involved. When compared with prior research in Canada and similar studies from the United States, the findings suggest that an applicant in search of a just result would do as well to hire an experienced lawyer and hope for a sympathetic judge as to prepare an excellent appeal. Canada's immigration process requires greater attention so that the reality of its operation matches the promise of the nation's intentions.