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Dipankar Datta 《Development in Practice》2007,17(3):410-418
Rice banks are increasingly used in South-East Asia as a means of addressing seasonal food crises facing poor communities. Despite general agreement about the effectiveness of community-managed rice banks in improving food security, there has been almost no research into their effectiveness in reaching the poorest, or the prospects of sustainability linked to regular repayments of rice. Concern Laos sought to answer these questions through community mobilisation, forming rules and regulations to encourage the participation of the poorest, developing simple tools and procedures in line with existing community capacity, and building greater community capacity. Other challenges remain, such as changing the prevailing ‘relief’ mentality, ensuring women's participation, and establishing regular savings schemes, in order to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of the rice banks. 相似文献
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Rekha Datta 《International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society》2003,16(3):351-368
Since the 1970s, development experts have increasingly focused on how development policies and strategies affect women in developing countries. In recent years, the emphasis has included empowerment, which increases women's decision-making capability and well-being. This essay is an account of the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) in India, a trade union for self-employed women since 1972. It analyzes the strategies that SEWA has used to mobilize and empower self-employed women in India, using materials and data collected on a field visit in 1998. 相似文献
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Louis Lebel Jianchu Xu Ram C. Bastakoti Amrita Lamba 《International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics》2010,10(4):355-375
How water should be managed in Monsoon Asia is emerging as one of the core earth system governance challenges. In this article,
we explore the politics around pursuits of adaptiveness in water management, emphasizing the major transboundary river basins
draining the south and eastern Himalayas. We look at two main functions: storing, diverting and sharing water for periods
of scarcity; protecting people and places from destructive floods. We find that the pursuit of adaptiveness will take place
partly outside the range of human experience in a context of large differences in exposure and vulnerabilities, disparate
interests and unequal power. Anticipatory policies and actions to adapt and improve adaptive capacity to the transboundary
impacts of changes in water-use, land-use and climate on water resources and services are still in their infancy; but several
problem-framing discourses are emerging that have longer-term implications for water governance. It is not yet clear how these
competing policy-frames will evolve in Asia. Much will depend on how systems of water governance develop. Public scrutiny
of how governments in Asia plan to adapt to climate change in the water sector—on how risks of not enough and too much water
are dealt with—will need to continue to help sort out those projects and strategies which are driven primarily by political
benefits from those which actually contribute to building adaptive capacities and maintaining social-ecological resilience. 相似文献
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This article explains the interlinking of rural labour and credit transactions in terms of differential access to credit markets and seasonality. A model is developed which incorporates not only seasonality and differential access but also several other explanations for interlinking suggested in the literature. Moreover, it allows one to test the sensitivity of the results to differing powers on the part of landowners relative to working households. 相似文献
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Sinha SK Budowle B Chakraborty R Paunovic A Guidry RD Larsen C Lal A Shaffer M Pineda G Sinha SK Schneida E Nasir H Shewale JG 《Journal of forensic sciences》2004,49(4):691-700
The Y-PLEX 6 and Y-PLEX 5 systems enable analysis for 11 Y-STR loci. We present here the utility of these systems in forensic casework. A total of 188 samples, including 127 evidence samples, were analyzed using either or both of the systems. The evidence sample types included fingernail scrapings, sperm or seminal fluid, epithelial cells, blood and other tissues. The Y-STR typing systems provided useful probative results in difficult cases. A reference database for Caucasian (n = 517), African American (n = 535), and Hispanic (n = 245) population groups within the United States was generated for estimating the haplotype frequency in forensic casework. Among the individuals profiled, 311 Caucasians, 412 African Americans, and 194 Hispanics provided unique profiles in their respective population datasets. This is the first report describing the haplotype database for the set of 11 Y-STR loci recommended by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM). Linkage analysis reveals that the frequencies from forensically important autosomal loci can be multiplied with the Y-STR haplotype frequency. The results from Y-PLEX systems have been accepted in courts in the United States. 相似文献
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