PUBLIC‐PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP CONTRACTS: A TALE OF TWO CITIES WITH DIFFERENT CONTRACTUAL ARRANGEMENTS

This paper analyses regulation by contract in public‐private partnerships (PPPs) for infrastructure services. Although the benefits of competition for the market and subsequent regulatory contracts are recognized, the literature also identifies contract design failures. When considering these limitations, it is useful to distinguish between contracts associated with purely contractual PPPs (concessions) and contracts for institutionalized PPPs (mixed company). Two cases from the Portuguese water sector are used to illustrate problems arising in the preparation of public tender documents: the ‘best’ bidder is often not the winner. Often, risks are not allocated correctly nor is effective monitoring ensured. Comparisons between the two types of contracts show how external regulation can be useful in mitigating contractual problems. This examination of bidding procedures and contract design yields several implications for policy‐makers; in addition, the study presents recommendations for improving regulatory contracts.     

对于《数控编程》教学的几点思考

《数控编程》是高职院校机械系"机械制造与自动化"、"数控技术应用"和其它许多机电类专业的一门主干专业课。本文根据以往教学实践,结合高职学生的培养目标和学生的素质特点,在教学内容、课程体系、教学方法与手段和实践教学体系等方面进行了新的探索,从而为进一步提高教学质量,培养掌握数控技术的应用型、技能型人才,满足市场对该类人才需要打好基础。     

TRIPS协议及相关国际公约在我国的适用

在知识产权国际公约的适用上,我国法院在遵循"国际条约优先适用"的原则,即当知识产权国际条约与我国国内法有不同规定,且我国未声明保留的情形下,应优先适用国际公约。在现行的知识产权司法实践中,《伯尔尼公约》、《巴黎公约》等国际公约的适用主要在于确定外国权利人是否有权在中国主张权利以及能主张何种类型的知识产权,至于侵权是否成立及侵权成立后侵权人应承担的民事责任,法院只能适用国内法的规定。在是否具有直接适用的效力上,TRIPS协议不同于《巴黎公约》、《伯尔尼公约》等国际公约,原则上不具有直接适用的效力。     

New Year Fun in Miyun

AT the end of 2010, Miyun County, on the northeastern skirts of Beijing, launched a holiday promotion "Happy Warm Journey to Minyun," beckoning merrymakers to join the locals for the Chinese New Year.     

信任法院的重建：评《论信任法院》

信任缺失是目前我国法治建设中凸显的问题。人们缺乏对法律的信仰、对法官的信赖和对法院的信任，致使人们“信访而不信法”。尽管法律法规不断完善，法院体制不断改革，“重民生，排民忧，解民难”的司法理念逐步树立，但法院仍在一定程度上得不到人们的信任，因而必须深入研究我国的信任制度以推进人们对法院的信任。     

MIXED COMPANIES AND LOCAL GOVERNANCE: NO MAN CAN SERVE TWO MASTERS

This article looks at the use of institutionalized public–private partnership (PPP) arrangements by local governments for the delivery of different types of infrastructure. It starts by analyzing the mixed company model from a theoretical point of view, in particular the potential for internal regulation and the achievement of a relational agreement. Then, after discussing the practicalities of crafting this type of governance structure, four Portuguese case studies are examined. The empirical evidence on mixed companies operating in the water, waste, transportation, and education sectors shows that the extreme complexity involved in the whole life‐cycle management of these companies usually leads to a poor protection of the public interest.     

建国初期党的教育方针和政策之研究

建国初期党的教育方针政策的理论基础,除马克思主义理论之外,还包括中国共产党理论基础和心理学基础,其实践基础是当时的经济、政治状况.随着社会经济形势的变化,教育方针、政策也有所演进,并且每个时期,每个领导人都有相应的略有区别的表述.     

美国的新保守主义

新保守主义是西方国家中的一股政治思潮。新保守主义不但对美国国内的政治生活产生了巨大的冲击,而且也对美国外交政策的制定及其全球战略产生了深远的影响。但是,由于新保守主义本身理论的狭隘加上外部世界和自由主义的抵制,其作用必然有一个限度。     

试析物业纠纷案件的司法调处

随着城市物业管理纠纷诉讼日益增多,案件类型多样化,新类型案件不断出现,物业管理纠纷诉讼主体复杂,法律关系复杂,对纠纷的处理有一定的难度,具有群体性纠纷的潜在不安定因素等特点。文章结合《物权法》及新：颁布的《侵权责任法》对当前物业纠纷的成因、类型、特点及化解途径均进行了深入细致地分析,对司法机关如何应对此类社会纠纷热点提出了独到见解。