试论我国预审与侦查的关系——兼论预审在公安机关办理刑事案件中的地位和作用

预审是资产阶级法制革命的产物,以后被大多数国家公认。我国的预审机构从建立到与侦查部门合并,又从侦查部门分离出来单独设置直至撤销机构经历了七十多年的演变过程;预审在公安机关办理刑事案件中有着重要的地位和作用,即预审是审理刑事案件不可替代的程序,它是公安机关检验案件审理质量、保障依法办案、不枉不纵的最后一道关口。因此,预审的法律地位不应改变,预审机构不应撤销。     

学校安全治理视阈下美国校园警察制度的实践变革

美国校园警察制度在维护校园安全、安定学校秩序、推行法治教育等方面具有积极的意义。然而在实践中校园警察的合法化、专业化受到了质疑。基于此,各方正在逐步达成共识,政府和学校应进一步改革校园警察制度,明确校园警察的职责定位,推动校园警察与学校建立可持续性的合作关系,形成学校安全共同体;明晰校园警察的专业能力标准;加强校园警察对所在学校安全需求的评估;进一步加强校园警察执法的科学化、人性化、标准化等,真正为中小学生的健康成长提供保障。     

19世纪中晚期朴学的延续与流变

19世纪中后期,即在道成以来,朴学仍具有相当的活力,甚至同光年间,其流风余韵一直未断,取得了不亚于乾嘉时期的学术成就.考据与义理会通、考据与经世贯通成为此期朴学流变的显著特征.     

The Soviet Famine of 1931–1934: Genocide,a Result of Poor Harvests,or the Outcome of a Conflict Between the State and the Peasants?

Abstract

Interpretation of the Soviet famine of 1931–1934 (mainly in 1933) has long given rise to controversy. Publication of a Russian monograph by the leading spokesman for Russia in the international debates on the famine provides an opportunity both to analyse this Russian interpretation and to sum up the present state of knowledge about the famine and its causes.     

Suicide in the Ukraine

The suicide rates of the 24 provinces (oblasts) of the Ukraine were found to be strongly associated with indices of social disintegration (such as divorce and illegitimacy rates), with the Western provinces incorporated in the USSR later than other Ukrainian territories having lower suicide rates and lower levels of social disintegration.     

新民主主义革命时期根据地监所制度的建立与发展简介

我国新民主主义革命时期根据地监所的建立和发展 ,是指从 1 92 7年 4月至1 94 9年 1 0月新中国成立 2 0多年来革命根据地人民民主政权看守所和监狱的建立与发展。这一时期监所制度的发展可分为以下三个阶段 :一、第二次国内革命战争时期为开创阶段 ,创建了革命政权的监所 ,提出了用共产主义思想和生产劳动对犯人进行教育、感化和改造的狱政思想 ,确立了革命根据地新型监所制度建设的方向。二、抗日战争时期为建设阶段 ,在不断总结监所工作实践经验的基础上 ,逐步形成了新民主主义的狱政思想和狱政方针以及革命监所体系。三、解放战争时期是发展阶段 ,在继承和发扬抗日根据地狱政建设经验的基础上 ,有了两次大的发展 ,使民主政权监所制度的建设向着系统化、正规化方向迈进。     

职代会"四化"现象及对策

要提高国有企业职代会质量,必须把握好职工代表结构,办理好职工代表提案,搞好民主评议领导干部,落实好职代会职权.     

Migration from Central Asia to Russia in the New Model of World Order

Migration becomes not only a means of survival but also and above all an impulse for the dispersal and "gathering together" of people, capital, information, and skills in new social configurations.     

Not Thanks to But Despite

Although the Russian economy declined in 2015, the decline was not as serious as expected by Russian leaders. None of the disasters anticipated at the end of 2014 happened. The decline was moderated by continued demand from the main consumers of Russian raw materials, continued government financial support for the defense industry, and balancing changes in internal prices. The ruble has remained stable because it is largely dependent on the price of oil on world markets. The impact of Western sanctions on the Russian economy steadily declined throughout 2015. Although Russia avoided economic collapse, the prospect for the near future is continued stagnation, rather than renewed growth.     

Russian “Ad-Hoc” Journalism

Any civic project naturally seeks an effective means of spreading the word about its activities. Sometimes, such projects are able to create a system, in which a large nmber of people take part in collecting primary information, processing, enriching, verifying and interpreting it, and in distributing the finished product. The latter is particularly important and useful given external pressure from the state and its coercive apparatus. This ‘exit’ point for information is always the most vulnerable in any voluntary community that is forced to withstand aggressive pressure from the state’s oversight and law-enforcement structures. It is technically possible to create a distributed, decentralized working environment (a dispersed ‘office’ or ‘newsroom’), in which workers are not physically proximate to one another. It is also possible to store information, materials, work-in-progress and finished products on remote or distributed servers. Indeed, any organization can be spatially ‘dispersed’. All of these methods are well-known and widely used by those who have reason to fear external intrusion into their work processes. But the finished informational product is still a concrete website with a unique address, and that is what is most vulnerable: it can be easily blocked, most simply by the internet providers themselves. However, it turns out that ‘populous’ civic projects are best positioned to overcome this threat. Each participant in the community de facto becomes an element in a distributed system, through which the community can publish the results of its work. It thus becomes possible to organize not only a decentralized ‘entry point’ for information, but a decentralized ‘exit point’ as well.