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1.
Understanding the prevalence and correlates of decisional autonomy within specific cultural contexts is necessary to fully
comprehend how family processes are embedded within culture. The goals of this study were to describe mothers’ and fathers’
decision-making with adolescents (M = 12.51 years, SD = 0.58; 51% female), including parent-unilateral, joint, and youth-unilateral decision-making, and to examine
the socio-cultural and family characteristics associated with these different types of decision-making in 246 Mexican-origin
families. Mothers reported more joint and youth-unilateral decision-making and less parent-unilateral decision-making than
did fathers. Fathers reported more youth-unilateral decision-making with sons than with daughters. Further, for mothers, more
traditional gender role attitudes and higher levels of mother-adolescent conflict were associated with more parent-unilateral
and less joint decision-making. In contrast, for fathers, lower levels of respect values were associated with more youth-unilateral
decision-making with sons, and higher levels of parent-adolescent warmth were associated with more youth-unilateral decision-making
with daughters. The importance of understanding the different correlates of mothers’ and fathers’ decision-making with sons
versus daughters is discussed. 相似文献
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Roosa MW O'Donnell M Cham H Gonzales NA Zeiders KH Tein JY Knight GP Umaña-Taylor A 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2012,41(3):307-319
Mexican American youth are at greater risk of school failure than their peers. To identify factors that may contribute to
academic success in this population, this study examined the prospective relationships from 5th grade to 7th grade of family
(i.e., human capital [a parent with at least a high school education], residential stability, academically and occupationally
positive family role models, and family structure) and individual characteristics (i.e., externalizing symptoms, bilingualism,
gender, and immigrant status) to the academic performance of 749 Mexican American early adolescents (average age = 10.4 years
and 48.7% were girls in 5th grade) from economically and culturally diverse families as these youth made the transition to
junior high school. Results indicated that while controlling for prior academic performance, human capital and positive family
role models assessed when adolescents were in 5th grade positively related to academic performance in 7th grade. Further,
being a girl also was related to greater 7th grade academic success, whereas externalizing symptoms were negatively related
to 7th grade academic performance. No other variables in the model were significantly and prospectively related to 7th grade
academic performance. Implications for future research and interventions are discussed. 相似文献
3.
Aerika S. Brittian Megan O’Donnell George P. Knight Gustavo Carlo Adriana J. Umaña-Taylor Mark W. Roosa 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2013,42(3):328-341
Experiences with perceived discrimination (e.g., perceptions of being treated unfairly due to race or ethnicity) are expected to impact negatively youths’ prosocial development. However, resilience often occurs in light of such experiences through cultural factors. The current longitudinal study examined the influence of perceived discrimination on the emergence of Mexican American adolescents’ later prosocial tendencies, and examined the mediating role of Mexican American values (e.g., familism, respect, and religiosity). Participants included 749 adolescents (49 % female) interviewed at 5th, 7th, and 10th grade. Results of the current study suggested that, although perceived discrimination was associated negatively with some types of prosocial tendencies (e.g., compliant, emotional, and dire) and related positively to public prosocial helping, the associations were mediated by youths’ Mexican American values. Directions for future research are presented and practical implications for promoting adolescents’ resilience are discussed. 相似文献
4.
This study examined the factors associated with resistance to peer pressure toward antisocial behaviors among a sample of Mexican-origin adolescents (n=564) living in a large Southwestern city in the U.S. A model examining the influence of generational status, emotional autonomy from parents, and self-esteem on resistance to peer pressure was tested independently for boys and girls. Gender differences emerged in the factors that influenced resistance to peer pressure. Results indicated that resistance to peer pressure was influenced by generational status and emotional autonomy from parents for both boys and girls. However, self-esteem was found to influence resistance to peer pressure only for boys.Mayra Y. Bámaca is a graduate student in Family and Human Development at Arizona State University. Her research interests include adolescent development among ethnically diverse populations, the influence of contextual factors in development, parenting adolescents, and resiliency among Latino adolescents and their families. This work was based on the master’s thesis of the first author.Adriana J. Uma?a-Taylor received her Ph.D. from the University of Missouri-Columbia and is currently an Assistant Professor of Family and Human Development at Arizona State University. Her research interests include ethnic identity formation during adolescence and resilience among Latino adolescents and their families.This study was supported, in part, by a grant to the second author from the Fahs Beck Fund for Research and Experimentation of the New York Community Trust. 相似文献
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Miloon Kothari 《Development in Practice》1997,7(1):5-16
The problem of inadequate housing and living conditions facing one quarter of the world's population is situated in this article within the frameworkof human rights, and of international recognition of the basic rights to a place to live, and to gain and sustain an adequate standard of living. The nature and scale of the housing crisis points to a failure of governance that leads to exclusion, dispossession, and violence becoming endemic in societies: the institutionalisation of insecure and inadequate housing and living conditions. The author draws on the experience of Habitat International Coalition (HIC) in developing and supporting a comprehensive range of actions at local, national, regional, and international levels; and suggests some of the elements required if changes are not only to be promoted and campaigned for, but also sustained. 相似文献
7.
Temperature‐Dependent Postmortem Changes in Human Cardiac Troponin‐T (cTnT): An Approach in Estimation of Time Since Death 下载免费PDF全文
Sachil Kumar M.Sc. Wahid Ali Ph.D. Uma S. Singh M.D. Ashutosh Kumar M.D. Sandeep Bhattacharya M.D. Anoop K. Verma M.D. Raja Rupani M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2016,61(Z1):S241-S245
Estimation of time of death is an indispensible requirement of every medico‐legal autopsy, but unfortunately, there is not a single method by which it could be determined accurately. This study focused on the temperature‐dependent postmortem degradation of cardiac troponin‐T and its association with postmortem interval (PMI) in human. The analysis involved extraction of the protein, separation by denaturing gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE), and visualization by Western blot using cTnT‐specific monoclonal antibodies. The area of the bands within a lane was quantified by scanning and digitizing the image using Gel Doc (Universal Hood). The results indicate a characteristic banding pattern among human cadavers (n = 6) and a pseudo‐linear relationship between percentage of cTnT degradation and the log of the time since death (r > 0.95), which can be used to estimate the postmortem interval. The data presented demonstrate that this technique can provide an extended time range during which PMI can be more accurately estimated. 相似文献
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Melissa Y. Delgado Kimberly A. Updegraff Mark W. Roosa Adriana J. Umaña-Taylor 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(2):125-139
Drawing on García Coll et al.’s integrative framework and the risk and resilience model, this study examined the relationships
between adolescents’ perceived discrimination and psychosocial adjustment and the moderating roles of adolescents’, mothers’,
and fathers’ cultural orientations and values, and adolescent gender in a sample of 246 Mexican-origin families. Using multilevel
modeling with data from mothers, fathers, seventh graders (M
age = 12.8 years; SD = .57 year) and older siblings (M
age = 15.7 years; SD = 1.5 years), findings revealed that perceived discrimination was positively related to depression, risky
behaviors, and deviant peer affiliations. In addition, parents’ cultural orientations and values and adolescent gender moderated
the relationships between perceived discrimination and some indicators of adjustment. These findings suggest that parents’
cultural orientations and values can serve as protective and vulnerability factors in the associations between Mexican-origin
adolescents’ perceived discrimination and their psychosocial adjustment. 相似文献
10.
Adriana J. Umaña-Taylor Kimberly A. Updegraff Melinda A. Gonzales-Backen 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2011,40(2):140-157
Mexican-origin adolescent mothers are at increased risk for poor psychosocial functioning as a result of various stressors
with which they must contend; however, existing theory suggests that cultural strengths may help mitigate the negative effects
of stress. As such, the current study examined the associations between cultural and economic stressors and Mexican-origin
adolescent mothers’ (N = 207; M age = 16.23 years, SD = 1.0) internalizing and externalizing behaviors, as well as the degree to which ethnic identity affirmation
and familism values moderated these links. Adolescent mothers who reported higher levels of discrimination, acculturative
stress, and economic stress also reported higher depressive symptoms and greater involvement in risky behaviors. Importantly,
ethnic identity affirmation minimized the negative associations between cultural stressors and adolescents’ involvement in
risky behaviors, with the associations being weakest among adolescents with high levels of ethnic identity. Familism appeared
to serve a protective function under conditions of low levels of discrimination, but not under conditions of high levels of
discrimination. Findings are discussed with special attention to the developmental and cultural contexts in which these adolescent
mothers’ lives are embedded, and implications for future research and practice are presented. 相似文献