International Protection Considerations Regarding Colombian Asylum-Seekers and Refugees

This report has been produced by UNHCR on the basis of informationobtained from a variety of publicly available sources, analysesand comments. The report is intended for reference by thoseinvolved in the asylum determination process and concentrateson the issues most commonly raised in asylum claims lodged invarious jurisdictions. The information contained does not purportto be either exhaustive with regard to conditions in the countrysurveyed nor conclusive as to the merit of any particular claimto refugee status or asylum. Incomplete, inaccurate or incorrectinformation cannot be ruled out. The inclusion of informationin this report does not constitute an endorsement of the informationor the views of third parties. Neither does such informationnecessarily represent statements of policy or views of UNHCRor the United Nations.     

Three-dimensional computer visualization of forensic pathology data

Despite a decade of use in US courtrooms, it is only recently that forensic computer animations have become an increasingly important form of communication in legal spheres within the United Kingdom. Aims Research at the University of Nottingham has been influential in the critical investigation of forensic computer graphics reconstruction methodologies and techniques and in raising the profile of this novel form of data visualization within the United Kingdom. The case study presented demonstrates research undertaken by Aims Research and the Department of Forensic Pathology at the University of Sheffield, which aims to apply, evaluate, and develop novel 3-dimensional computer graphics (CG) visualization and virtual reality (VR) techniques in the presentation and investigation of forensic information concerning the human body. The inclusion of such visualizations within other CG or VR environments may ultimately provide the potential for alternative exploratory directions, processes, and results within forensic pathology investigations.     

Integrity,culture, and scale: an empirical test of the big bad police agency

Building on Klockars et. al. (2000) analysis of survey data on police agency integrity, this analysis develops an economic model of police corruption within police agencies. Empirical estimates of the economic model are consistent with Klockars et. al. (2000) in that there is no evidence to support the traditional theory that police agency corruption is attributable to the “individual bad-apple.” Independent of other factors, the present analysis shows that police culture fosters corruption. Furthermore, the present analysis shows that incentive structures within police agencies increase the problem of corruption as the scale of police agency operation increases. Policies that would promote higher levels of integrity are considered.