掠夺性定价的经济学及法律分析——美国和欧盟的经验与趋势

掠夺性定价一般表现为企业为排挤、制约竞争对手或阻碍竞争对手进入市场而在相当长的一段时期内故意将价格设置于其成本之下。其目的是为将竞争对手逐出市场并随后设定高于竞争水平的价格,以收回前期降价的损失。《中华人民共和国反垄断法》以及其他相关的法律法规都包含了禁止掠夺性定价的规定。然而,对于掠夺性定价中的一些具体问题还没有相应的法制规章提供指引和解读,再加上此类案件法院判决的先例在中国现阶段还属少见,因此,本文将详细讲解近年来美国和欧盟的经济学家、反垄断机构以及法院对此类经典案件(如Wanadoo案等)的审理分析经验与趋势,以供借鉴。     

论医疗民事责任的判定--医方承担医疗民事责任的范畴及认定标准

本文指出医方承担医疗民事责任的范围不应仅仅局限于医疗事故,还应包括其他一些因医方医疗行为所导致患者合法权益受损害的民事赔偿责任.从承担医疗违约责任和医疗侵权责任两个方面来讨论医疗民事责任,主张引进"善良注意义务"的医疗判断标准;将医方的告知义务区分为必须的告知义务与一般的告知义务,认为医方只对违反了必须的告知义务才承担相应的民事责任.     

Strategic implications of the new world order: An American perspective

Written from a US perspective, this article analyses the strategic challenges facing US decision makers in the post‐Soviet world in four areas: defining the task, addressing it at the policy level, covering the costs, and relating choices to overall national purpose. Together the four dimensions provide a model within which the direction of US foreign policy in the 1990s can be constructively debated.     

Current psychopathology in previously assaulted older adults

Older adult women age 55+ years (N = 549) were interviewed as part of a population-based epidemiological research study of lifetime experiences with physical and sexual assault and current mental health problems. Although overall rates of psychopathology were low, producing very small cells for comparison, women who reported experiencing physical assault an average of 28 years previously were more likely to present with past year substance abuse, depression, and avoidance and reexperiencing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than those with no previous physical or sexual assault. Women who reported experiencing sexual assault an average of 50 years previously were more likely to present with autonomic arousal and avoidance symptoms of PTSD than those with no prior sexual assault. The aforementioned findings should be considered with caution, however, as sample cell sizes were minimal for all but the PTSD symptom subtypes. Mental health service implications for older adults are discussed.     

对进一步加强法治政府建设的思考

紧密结合党的十七大精神,从建立健全行政法律体系、深化行政管理体制改革、完善行政执法体制、强化行政监督机制等方面全面论述了我国当前全面推进依法行政、进一步加强法治政府建设应有的主要内涵。     

大学生就业难的成因及其解决的路径选择

当前我国大学生就业难问题异常突出,其成因是多方面的,主要包括:大学生供求结构矛盾突出;我国区域经济发展不平衡和产业结构不合理;企业作为劳动力市场的需求方门槛高、缺乏人才储备意识;教育资源短缺、专业设置、培养模式不合理造成毕业生综合素质整体下降;大学生作为劳动力市场上的特殊商品自身存在问题;社会保障制度不健全,大学生人力资本产权未得到充分保障等。解决当前大学生就业难的问题是一项复杂的系统工程,需要从政府、高校、用人单位和大学生本人四个维度进行路径选择,制定科学、合理的解决方案。     

From vocational training to education: the development of a no‐frontiers education policy for Europe?

This article focuses on developments towards an EU educational policy. Education was not included as one of the Community competencies in the Treaty of Rome. The first half of the article analyses the way that the European Court of Justice and the Commission of the European Communities between them managed to develop a series of substantial Community programmes out of Article 128 on vocational training. The second half of the article discusses educational developments in the community following the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty of Amsterdam. Whilst the legal competence of the community now includes education, the author's argument is that the inclusion of an educational competence will not result in further developments to mirror those in the years before the Treaty on European Union. If the 1980s were a decade of expansion, the medium‐term future is likely to be one of consolidation.