Does Performance Budgeting Work? An Examination of the Office of Management and Budget’s PART Scores

In this paper, the authors use the Bush administration's management grades from the Program Assessment Rating Tool (PART) to evaluate performance budgeting in the federal government—in particular, the role of merit and political considerations in formulating recommendations for 234 programs in the president's fiscal year 2004 budget. PART scores and political support were found to influence budget choices in expected ways, and the impact of management scores on budget decisions diminished as the political component was taken into account. The Bush administration's management scores were positively correlated with proposed budgets for programs housed in traditionally Democratic departments but not in other departments. The federal government's most ambitious effort to use performance budgeting to date shows both the promise and the problems of this endeavor.     

After the congressional veto: Assessing the alternatives

Congressional choice of effective replacements for the recently banned legislative veto will require an accurate understanding of the actual results of the now unconstitutional device. The impact of the veto varied strikingly depending on, among other things, the type and target of the veto and on the principal sites of review in Congress itself. No single mechanism will suffice. Rather a variety of devices are available and under consideration. The underlying question raised by this analysis is which effects of the veto are worth perpetuating in light of past results and stated congressional objectives.     

The Indiana Toll Road Lease as an Intergenerational Cash Transfer

In a recent incarnation of the public–private partnership, state or city governments agree to lease revenue‐producing assets to a private operator for a lengthy period, up to 99 years. The government receives an up‐front payment, allowing it to collect many years of future revenue at once. This article evaluates the distributional consequences across time of one asset lease, the Indiana Toll Road. The analysis finds that the majority of benefits, in the form of road construction, are enjoyed in the early part of the lease, while the bulk of the costs fall late in the lease, raising important questions about intergenerational fairness.     

Forensic scatology: preliminary experimental study of the preparation and potential for identification of captive carnivore scat

Carnivore scats recovered from animal attack and/or scavenging contexts frequently contain forensic evidence such as human bone fragments. Forensic cases with carnivore involvement are increasingly prevalent, necessitating a methodology for the recovery and analysis of scat evidence. This study proposes a method for the safe preparation of carnivore scat, recovery of bone inclusions, and quantification and comparison of scat variables. Fourteen scats (lion, jaguar, lynx, wolf, and coyote) were prepared with sodium-acetate-formalin fixative; analytical variables included carnivore individual, species, body size, and taxonomic family. Scat variables, particularly bone fragment inclusions, were found to vary among carnivore individuals, families, species, and sizes. The methods in this study facilitate safe scat processing, the complete recovery of digested evidence, and the preliminary identification of involved animals. This research demonstrates that scat collected from forensic contexts can yield valuable information concerning both the victim and the carnivore involved.     

The ruling caste

Central Asia

Afghanistan and the Soviet Union. By Henry S. Bradsher. Duke Press Policy Studies. Durham N.C. 1983. Pp. 324. Map. Bibliog. Index. $32.60. cloth. $12.75 paperback.

Islamic Peoples of The Soviet Union. By Shirin Akiner. (With an Appendix on the non‐Turkic peoples of the Soviet Union.) Kegan Paul International: London, Boston, Melbourne and Henley, 1983. Pp. 462. Maps. Bibliog. Index. £25.

South Asia

South Asian Security after Afghanistan. By G. S. Bhargava. Lexington Books, Gower Publishing Co. Ltd., Aldershot, Hants., 1983. Pp. 198. Index. £18.50.

Escape from Empire: The Attlee Government and the Indian Problem. By R. J. Moore. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1983. Pp. 356. Bibliog. Index. £19.50.

The Viceroys of India. By Mark Bence‐Jones. London, Constable, 1982. Pp. 343. Illus. Index. £12.50.

Rulers, Townsmen and Bazaars: North Indian Society in the Age of British Expansion 1770–1870. By C. A. Bayly. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 1983 (Cambridge South Asian Studies 28), Pp. 489. Maps. Index. £29.50.

A Family Affair: India Under Three Prime Ministers. By Ved Mehta. London, Oxford University Press, 1983. Pp. 166. Index. £12.50.

Politics in India. By Rajni Kothari. Delhi, Orient Longman, 1982. Pp. 461. Index. £4.95.

Land to the Tiller: the Political Economy of Agrarian Reform in South Asia. By Ronald J. Herring. New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 1983. Pp. 314. Maps. Bibliog. Index. £25.

Rank and Rivalry: the politics of inequality in rural West Bengal. By Marvin Davis. Cambridge University Press, 1983. Pp. 239. Illus. Index. £20.

Prosperity and Misery in Modern Bengal: The Famine of 1943–1944. By Paul R. Greenough. Oxford University Press, 1982. Pp. 342. Index. £29.

Communism in Kerala: A Study in Political Adaptation. By T. J. Nossiter. London, C. Hurst &; Co. for the Royal Institute of International Affairs. 1982. Pp. 426. Maps. Bibliog. Index. £18.50.

Atlas of the Islamic World Since 1500. By Francis Robinson. Oxford, Phaidon Press, 1982. Pp. 238. £18.

Middle East

The Soviet Union and the Arabian Peninsula: Soviet Policy towards the Persian Gulf and Arabia. By Ariyeh Yodfat. Croom Helm, London &; Canberra. St Martin's Press, New York. 1983. Pp. 191. Bibliog. Index. £13.95.

The Slow Rapprochement: Britain and Turkey in the Age of Kemal Atatürk 1919–38. By Stephen F. Evans. Eothen Press. 1982. Pp. 123. Bibliog. £4.50.

Ikinci Dünya Harbinde Türk Dis Siyaseti [Turkish Foreign Policy in the Second World War]. By Zeki Kuneralp. Istanbul Matbaasi. 1982. Pp. 103. Tables. TL 350.

The History of the British Petroleum Company. Vol. 1, The Developing Years 1901–1932. By R. W. Ferrier. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 1982. Pp. 801 + xxx. Graphs. Photographs. Tables. Index. £35.

Sana'a, an Arabian Islamic City. Edited by R. B. Serjeant and R. Lewcock. London, World of Islam Festival Trust, 1983. Pp. 631. Illus. Index. £95.

South‐East Asia

The ASEAN States and Regional Security. By Sheldon W. Simon. Stanford University Press, 1982. Pp. 161. £7.70.

Contemporary Laos. Edited by Martin Stuart‐Fox. St Lucia and London, University of Queensland Press. 1982. Pp. 345. Index. £22.45.

The Thai Young Turks. By Chai‐Anan Samudavanija. Singapore, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 1982. Pp. 101. Appendices. Bibliog. N.p.

Benevolent Assimilation: The American Conquest of the Philippines, 1899–1903. By Stuart Creighton Miller. Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1982. Pp. 340. Notes. Bibliog. Index. £19.50.

Far East

Soviet Policy in East Asia. Edited by Donald S. Zagoria. New Haven and London, Yale University Press. 1982. Pp. 360. Index. £21.

Justice and Politics in People's China: Legal Order or Continuing Revolution. By James P. Brady. Academic Press Inc. (London) Ltd., 1982. Pp. 268. £17.80.

China On The Western Front: Britain's Chinese Workforce in the First World War. By Michael Summerskill. London, Summerskill, 1982. Pp. 236. Maps. Illus. Index. £6.95.

Yüan Thought: Chinese Thought and Religion Under the Mongols. Edited by Hok‐lam Chan and Wm. Theodore de Bary. New York, Columbia University Press, 1982. Pp. 545. Index. $45.50.

Economic Growth in Prewar Japan. By Takafusa Nakamura. New Haven and London, Yale University Press. 1983. Pp. 326. £30.

The Origins of Socialist Thought in Japan. By John Crump. Croom Helm, London and Canberra, and St Martin's Press, New York, 1983. Pp. 374. £15.95.

The Women of Suye Mura. By Robert J. Smith and Ella Lury Wiswell. Chicago and London. University of Chicago Press, 1982. Pp. 293. Illus. Maps. Index. £6. (paper‐back).

Hideyoshi. By Mary Elizabeth Berry. Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, Harvard University Press, 1982. Pp. 293. Illus. Maps. Index. £24.

Shorter Notices

The Financial Development of India, Japan, and the United States: A Trilateral Institutional, Statistical, and Analytic Comparison. By Raymond W. Goldstein. Yale University Press, 1983. Pp. 120. £10.95.

The Soviet “Threat” at China's Gates. By Gerald Segal. (Conflict Studies No. 143). London, Institute for the Study of Conflict, 1983. Pp. 22. £3.50 (paperback).

Emperor Hirohito and his Chief Aide‐de‐Camp ‐ the Honjō Diary 1933–36. Transl. and Introd. by Mikiso Hane. University of Tokyo Press. 1983. Pp. 263. £12.50.

Vietnam: The Revolutionary Path. By Thomas Hodgkin. London, Macmillan, 1981. Pp. 433. Maps. Bibliog. Index. £25.

The Trekker's Guide to the Himalaya and Karakoram. By Hugh Swift. London, Hodder &; Stoughton, 1982. Pp. 342. Illus. Maps. Index. £5.95.

Banaras: City of Light. By Diana L. Eck. London, Routledge &; Kegan Paul, 1983. Pp. 344. Illus. Index. £14.95.

The Lights of Singapore. By Roland Braddell. Oxford University Press (Oxford in Asia paperbacks), Kuala Lumpur, 1982. Pp. 205. Illus. £8.50.

China Old and New. By John Logan. Hong Kong, South China Morning Post, 1982. Pp. 193. Illus. £6.45. (Obtainable from Christopher Foss, Bookseller, 120 Baker Street, London, W.1)

Totto‐chan: The Little Girl at the Window. By Tetsuko Kuroyanagi. Translated by Dorothy Britton. Tokyo, Kodansha International Limited, 1982. Pp. 195. Illus. £7.95.     

Opening the Door to Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Self–Regulation in Ontario

This paper examines the steps that three complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) groups – naturopaths, acupuncturists/traditional Chinese medicine practitioners, and homeopaths – are taking to achieve statutory self–regulation in the province of Ontario. The regulatory framework created by the Regulated Health Professions Act of 1991 is outlined, and the differing approaches taken by each of the three groups to gain inclusion under its umbrella are compared and contrasted. The paper assesses the influence of current regulatory and socio–political environments, and queries the extent to which the paradigms of health and health care of these different groups can be accommodated in a regulatory regime heavily reliant on the conventional medical model.