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Two studies tested the hypothesis that organizational decision makers attempt to counterbalance contribution-based distributions
of financial/material rewards (a “merit” system that creates monetary inequality) with need- and equality-based allocations
of socioemotional rewards, in effect allocating “roses” in lieu of more “bread”. Experiment 1 had a two-factor design (Reward
Type × Magnitude of Income Inequality); 67 subjects were given a managerial in-basket exercise in which they expressed their
preferences for a variety of distributive justice rules for seven different types of rewards. Experiment 2 (N=39) had the
same design, with a stronger manipulation of magnitude of inequality. Results of the two experiments were consistent with
the counterbalancing hypothesis, irrespective of magnitude of income inequality; financially related rewards (e.g., profit
sharing, office space, company cars) were distributed with more emphasis on contribution rules (i.e., performance, status),
while more socioemotional rewards (e.g., help for an employee's spouse, friendliness) were allocated with more emphasis on
equality among individuals, equality across groups, and personal need. 相似文献
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Lois Harder 《Citizenship Studies》2010,14(2):203-220
This paper explores the role of kinship and ethnicity in the designation of Canadian citizenship. Using the phenomenon of Lost Canadians – people whose citizenship status is ambiguous due to conflicting laws, unfamiliarity with requirements to maintain citizenship and quixotic enforcement of these requirements – the paper offers evidence for the kinship basis of a contemporary liberal democracy and reveals the degree to which a Canadian ethnic identity is operative in this settler society. But the objective of the analytical exercise is not to rest at the observation that Canadian nationalism is ethnic. Rather, by examining the ways in which the complex rules of Canadian citizenship define or exclude people from citizenship, we see how thoroughly rule-bound the status of national belonging really is. It thus might be observed that Canadian nationalism, indeed, all nationalisms, are civic since they rest on rules for belonging. Once we notice the rule-boundedness of belonging it becomes possible to disentangle these rules – kinship rules – from their connections to nature and biology and thus to appreciate their social character. From this vantage we might begin to think about alternative, and potentially more democratic, forms of belonging. 相似文献
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Assessing the Impact of Parliamentary Design: The Case of the Danish Committee on Gender Equality 下载免费PDF全文
Mette Marie Stæhr Harder 《Scandinavian political studies》2017,40(4):434-456
This article contributes to the literature on parliamentary design in general and the pioneer literature on parliamentary bodies specialized in gender equality in particular. It does so by establishing a frame for the critical assessment of the impacts of such an institutional design. Moreover, by using interviews and data on the behavior of committee members, it demonstrates the advantages of applying a mixed method within a field that has mostly relied on participant interviews. A systematic analysis of the impact of the Danish Committee on Gender Equality shows that although this particular committee has not succeeded in adding the perspective of gender equality to legislation, it has increased parliamentary control with the government. Furthermore, it has enabled much better interaction between parliament and civil society organizations. 相似文献
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JH Modrow A Preusse-Prange P Meyer M Harder T Schwark N von Wurmb-Schwark 《Forensic science international》2012,222(1-3):256-258
The HSP70 superfamily is a reliable biomarker for hyperthermia, hypothermia and hypoxia. The Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) respectively immunohistochemically staining methods are the typically used techniques for the quantification of those proteins. As the costs for reagents and devices as well as the work schedule of these methods are immense it was the goal of our study to develop an easy and reliable method to quantify the concentration of specific proteins. We established a procedure to measure the relative concentration of proteins fixed on ROTI(?) PVDF membranes via Western blot, calculating the relative protein concentration in dependency to the grey scale index of the normalized and digitalized pictures of the bands on the blots. 相似文献
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