不同机制介导怀牛膝兴奋未孕大鼠子宫平滑肌的峰电活动

在 5 0只Wistar雌性未孕大鼠子宫角浆膜面上沿子宫纵轴埋植 1对Ag -AgCl双极电极 ,腹腔注射阿托品或异搏定或消炎痛后 ,观察注射怀牛膝 0 .6mL对未孕大鼠子宫平滑肌峰电活动的影响 ,探讨其兴奋的途径。结果表明 ,阿托品阻断胆碱能M受体后 ,腹腔注射怀牛膝水煎剂 ,子宫平滑肌峰电活动表现出明显的兴奋效应 ;异搏定阻断L型Ca2 通道 (L VDCC)后 ,腹腔注射怀牛膝水煎剂 ,暴发波的最大振幅等 4项指标均无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,而单波的正波最大振幅和峰面积则有明显增加 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,单波的负波最大振幅则无显著变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;腹腔注射前列腺素合成酶抑制剂消炎痛后 ,注射怀牛膝水煎剂 ,暴发波的最大振幅等 4项指标变化不明显 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,单波的正波最大振幅等 3项指标均有明显升高 (P <0 .0 5 )。结果提示 ,怀牛膝对未孕大鼠子宫平滑肌峰电活动的兴奋作用是通过胆碱能M受体以外的其他途径实现的 ,部分可能与子宫平滑肌细胞膜上的异搏定敏感的L型Ca2 通道有关 ,部分可能与刺激前列腺素合成与释放有关     

Returning Home：From Fences to the Wild

THE milu appeared in China about two to three million years ago, almost the same time as human beings. Previously extinct in the wild, the milu call be found in captivity, and some are now being released back into the wild. The milu deer, or Elaphurus davidianus, is one of a few large mammals undergoing such rehabilitation. To date, about 76 percent of milu in the world live in China.     

ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ROLL CALL VOTING IN THE U.S. CONGRESS IN 1975 AND 1979

This article argues that the energy and environmental policy areas in Congress are no longer considered components of the government management dimension. The two policy areas have separated from the government management dimension constructed by Clausen and are now distinct and autonomous Congressional policy areas. The models of roll call voting for energy and environment issues are very different. Energy is tied more closely to technical considerations while environmental issues are more emotional and more closely tied to quality of life concerns.     

在法与社会的流变中探寻和谐支点

时移世易、变法亦矣,不变则废。法律制度作为社会大变革的制度因素,自然会随之发生巨大的转型,冷静梳理中国社会与中国法律的变迁过程,发现二者间的关联互动脉络,寻求动静之中的和谐,动中求稳,变中求中,将有助于适合中国的法学理论的建构。     

Playing the Blame Game

A possible China-U.S. trade and currency war will be harmful to both countries and even the world economy