Reviews

David W. Lovell, From Marx to Lenin. An Evaluation of Marx's Responsibility for Soviet Authoritarianism. London: Cambridge University Press, 1984, xii + 231 pp. £19–50.

A. J. Polan, Lenin and the End of Politics. London: Methuen, 1984, vi + 229 pp. h/b £12–95, p/b £5–95.

David Lane, State and Politics in the USSR. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1985, xv + 398 pp. h/b £27–50 p/b £8.95. Soviet Economy and Society. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1985, xiii + 342 pp. h/b £27–50 p/b £8.95.

Curtis Keeble, ed., The Soviet State. The Domestic Roots of Soviet Foreign Policy, London: Gower, 1985, 244 pp. h/b £17.50 p/b 8.95.

Adam B. Ulam, Dangerous Relations: The Soviet Union in World Politics, 1970–1982. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983 vi + 325 pp., £5–95.

Gerald Segal, ed., The Soviet Union in East Asia: Predicaments of Power. London: Heinemann, 1983. x + 150 pp., h/b £14–50 p/b £6–50.

Bruce D. Porter, The USSR in Third World Conflicts: Soviet Arms and Diplomacy in Local Wars 1945–1980. Cambridge, London, New York, New Rochelle, Melbourne, Sydney: Cambridge University Press, 1984, viii + 248 pp., £20–00, $29.95.

Robert L. Pfaltzgraff, Jr., and Uri Ra'anan, eds., National Security Policy. The Decision‐making Process, Hamden, Conn.: Archon Books, 1984, xiv + 311 pp. £35.30.

Yosef Avidar, The Party and the Army in the Soviet Union. Jerusalem: The Magnes Press, The Hebrew University, 1983, 340 pp., h/b $25.00.

William Moskoff, Labour and Leisure in the Soviet Union: The Conflict Between Public and Private Decision‐Making in a Planned Economy. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1984, xv + 225 pp., £25.00.

Raymond Hutchings, The Soviet Budget. London and Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1983, x + 204 pp., £25.00.

Gary Littlejohn, A Sociology of the Soviet Union. London and Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1984, ix + 286 pp., h/b £18–00, p/b £6–95.

J. P. Cole, Geography of the Soviet Union. London: Butterworths, 1984, xiv + 452 pp., £14.95.

Robert G. Jensen, Theodore Shabad and Arthur W. Wright eds., Soviet Natural Resources in the World Economy. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1983, xix + 700 pp., £92.00.

Olympiad S. Ioffe and Peter B. Maggs, Soviet Law in Theory and Practice, London, Rome, New York: Oceana Publications, Inc., 1983, 237 pp., $35–00.

V. I. Smolyarchuk, Giganty i charodei slova. Russkie sudebnye oratory vtoroi poloviny XIX—nachala XX veka. Moscow, 1984, 272 pp., 65 kop.

Dina Kaminskaya, Final Judgement. My Life as a Soviet Defence Lawyer. London: Harvill Press, 1983, 364 pp., £12.95.

Dina Kaminskaya, Zapiski advokata. Vermont: Khronika Press, 1984, 345 pp., no price.

Gabriel Gorodetsky, Stafford Cripps’ Mission to Moscow 1940–42, Cambridge: the University Press, 1984, 377 pp., £25.00.

E. H. Carr (Edited by Tamara Deutscher), The Comintern and the Spanish Civil War. London: Macmillan, 1984, xx + 111pp., h/b £17–50, p/b £6.95.

David Mandel, The Petrograd Workers and the Fall of the Old Regime: From the February Revolution to the July Days 1917. London: Macmillan, (in association with the Centre for Russian and East European Studies, University of Birmingham), 1983, xii + 210 + 10 pp., £25.00.

David Mandel, The Petrograd Workers and the Soviet Seizure of Power: From the July Days 1917 to July 1918. London: Macmillan, (in association with the Centre for Russian and East European Studies, University of Birmingham), 1984, xv + 227 + 12 pp., £25.00.

Geoffrey Swain, Russian Social Democracy and the Legal Labour Movement, 1906–14. London: Macmillan, 1983, xiv + 239 pp., £25.00.

Benjamin Pinkus, The Soviet Government and the Jews 1948–1967. A Documented Study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984, xvi + 612 pp., £35.00.

Jakub Blum and Vera Rich, The Image of the Jew in Soviet Literature: the Post‐Stalin Period. New York: Ktav Publishing House, Inc., 1984, 276 pp., No price quoted.

Yaacov Roi ed., The USSR and the Muslim World. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1984, xv + 298 pp., £25.00.

Michael Bruchis, Nations ‐ nationalities ‐ People: A Study of the nationalities policy of the Communist Party in Soviet Moldavia. Boulder Colorado: East European Monographs, distributed by Columbia University Press, New York, 1984, iv + 230 pp., No price quoted.

Michael J. Sodaro and Sharon L. Wolchik eds., Foreign and Domestic Policy in Eastern Europe in the 1980s: Trends and Prospects. London: Macmillan, 1983, x + 265 pp., £25.00.

Adam Zwass, The Economies of Eastern Europe in a time of change. London: Macmillan, 1984, ix + 170 pp., £20.00.

R. Dietz, Die Energiewirtschaft in Osteuropa und der UdSSR. Vienna and New York: Springer‐Verlag, 1984, 248 pp., $17.90, DM 49.—.

Ferenc Feher and Agnes Heller, Hungary 1956 Revisited. The Message of a Revolution—a Quarter of a Century After. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1983, xviii + 174 pp., £15.00.

Ray Taras, Ideology in a Socialist State; Poland 1956–83. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 1984, x + 299 pp., £25.00.

Fred Singleton, A Short History of the Yugoslav Peoples, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985, xiii + 309 pp., h/b £22.50, p/b £7.50.

Martin McCauley, The German Democratic Republic since 1945. London: Macmillan, 1983, xiv + 282 pp., £25.00.

Raymond Bentley, Technological Change in the German Democratic Republic. Boulder, Colorado and London: Westview Press, 1984, xx + 296 pp., $25.00.

Paul‐Gunther Schmidt, Internationale Wahrungspolitik im sozialistischen Staat, Stuttgart, New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1985, xii + 447 pp., DM 48.

R. H. Haigh, D. S. Morris, A. R. Peters, eds., German‐Soviet Relations in the Weimar Era. Aldershot: Gower, 1985, viii + 206 pp., £15.00.

Mireille Maqua, Rome‐Moscou, l'Ostpolitik du Vatican, Liège: Cabay publishers, 1985, 248 pp., 580 F.B.

Ian Nish, The Origins of the Russo‐Japanese War, (Origins of Modern Wars Series: General Editor, Harry Hearder), Longman, London and New York, 1985. xiii + 274 pp. £6.95 paper.     

Anarchism, Internationalism and Nationalism in Europe, 1860–1939

This article is part of a broader project on the social history or histories of anarchism. The standard accounts of anarchism (Nettlau, Joll, Woodcock, Marshall etc.) have been combinations of the histories of ideas and political/social movements. A larger project I am engaged in uses another methodology and is reliant upon the vast outpouring of published and unpublished academic writing on social history that has been produced since the 1960s. I will cover only several interconnected themes here: anarchism, internationalism and nationalism in Europe. This article will give a synoptic overview of the internationalism of the European anarchist and syndicalist movements during the “classical” period of anarchism (1860–1939). It focuses on the First and Second Internationals and the birth of the Third. It examines the ideology and culture of Internationalism, which was the nursery of the modern anarchist movement. The linkage between federalist and regionalist republicanism is stressed and the legacy of the Paris Commune of 1871 is highlighted. The desire to secure a global level playing field in labour markets promoted labour internationalism during the First International and a revival of this strategy by anarchists and syndicalists during the era of the Second International. The mismatch of industrial development and union density between industrialised Britain or Germany and artisanal and industrialising France and southern Europe limited internationalism in the 1860s and the 1900s. Equally the patriotic legacy of the Commune of Paris undermined the internationalism of anarchists and syndicalists when war broke out in 1914. In 1917–1918 anarchist and syndicalist internationalism seemed to be revived as Europe entered a period of revolutionary discontent. But very quickly the Bolsheviks and the Soviet Union channelled this wave into the Third International and ultimately the interests of the newly born Soviet State. Anarchist and syndicalist internationalism had little effect on the fortunes of the anarchists in the Spanish Civil War in a world of nation‐states and state‐centric political parties and movements.     

Sustainable Development as a Policy Telos: A New Approach to Political Problem-Solving

The world seems to be characterized by political pluralization (the emergence of 'polities' other than the nation state) in addition to an already existing state of moral pluralism. This severely complicates political attempts at problem-solving on, for example, a global scale. One of the most stressing potential problems is the coexistence of mutually effacing or contradictory systems of political norms. To tackle such problems, we argue that policy teloi – shared conceptions giving direction to cooperative political ventures (particularly sustainable development ) – can be helpful. The conditions of success for policy teloi in the case of environmental sustainability are investigated.     

Examining Temporal Associations Between School Connectedness and Early Adolescent Adjustment

This study examined (a) the associations between school connectedness and early adolescent adjustment problems over a 1 year period and (b) the equivalence of these associations across gender. Five hundred middle school students (53.4% female), initially in the 6th and 7th grades, participated in the two-wave study. Results from two-group cross-lagged panel analyses were consistent across boys’ and girls’ data. After controlling for baseline levels of adjustment problems, school connectedness predicted lower levels of early adolescent conduct problems 1 year later. Regarding the opposite direction of associations, and even after baseline levels of school connectedness were taken into account, conduct problems predicted lower levels of subsequent school connectedness. There were no cross-lagged associations between depressive symptoms and school connectedness, although elevated levels of baseline depressive symptoms predicted higher levels of subsequent conduct problems. Findings elaborate previous research by demonstrating that early adolescents actively shape the middle school environment.