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Both the number and influence of organizations increased dramatically during the 20th century, which helps explain why the problem of organizational crime has received attention from investigators. Growing interest in organizational and corporate crime has been matched by interest in organizational culture. Variation in organizational culture is employed to explain many aspects of organizational performance, from effectivenessin goal attainment to criminal conduct. There are reasons, however, to be critical of theoretical constructions and empirical investigations of organizational culture. There is both considerable ambiguity about its meaning and an implicit assumption of intra-organizational cultural uniformity. Cultural explanations were developed principally in case studies, empirical analyses are flawed, and supportive post hoc interpretations ofinteresting or enigmatic findings are commonplace. The influence of hierarchy and agency as constraints on organizational culture has received insufficient attention. We interpret the appeal of organizational culture despite the absence of demonstrated predictive value, and we call for additional research on sources of variation in organizational crime. 相似文献
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Neal Shover 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2012,37(2):139-145
Use in criminological research of observation, semi-structured interviewing, and analysis of personal documents has been commonplace
for more than a century. These research techniques can be employed to develop and test theoretical explanations and to examine
the process of policy implementation. This paper briefly explicates how they were used in studies of the decision making and
criminal careers of street-level thieves and hustlers, to test theoretical notions about the delegitimantion effects of white-collar
crime, and to examine the implementation of a crackdown campaign by Australian tax authorities direct at crash transactions
in the small building and construction industry. Investigations may profit, however, from awareness of recurrent challenges
in the use of ethnographic methods before launching research of this type. 相似文献
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近几十年很多国家在立法上均强化对生态环境的保护。在美国,实施环境犯罪的公司受到刑事侦查者最密切的注意;在环境犯罪研究领域,个案研究成为基本内容,理性选择理论则成为最重要的理论假设。 相似文献
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