Excessive Investment,Compulsory Saving,and China's Great Famine of 1959–1961

This paper investigates the roles of excessive investment and compulsory saving in causing China's great famine during the period of 1959–1961. China initiated its ambitious industrialization campaign in 1958 under the false illusion that the agricultural sector would be able to provide sufficient savings. When the illusion proved to be false, a large number of industrial projects were left incomplete. However, since the economic returns for completing the half-done projects were high, central planners maintained high levels of grain procurement and urban labor force to complete these projects, even when famine became widespread. In addition, some political factors also contributed to the insufficient response by the central planners to the famine. The high grain procurement enforced by the State, compounded by other factors such as weather calamity, caused the most deadly famine in human history.     

论人力资源开发的公共政策意涵

人力资源是生产力中最积极、最活跃的因素,人力资源开发实际上是一种价值和资源分配,直接涉及公共政策选择。人力资源开发价值与资源的分配性涵义体现在两个方面:一是投资于人力资源开发的人财物的分配;二是人力资源本身的配置与利用。人力资源开发的公共政策属性规定了政府作为人力资源开发的核心主体应承担的职责,在实施人力资源开发的过程中,政府分配公共资源应坚持公平为先,通过建立公共财政为人力资源开发提供强有力的保障。