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Transfer restrictions have a long tradition in professional sports but came under heavy attack in recent years (e.g. Bosman
ruling, Monti system). Based on a bargaining model with stochastic player productivity, we show that less restrictive transfer
rules reallocate ex post bargaining power from players to clubs. This reallocation is efficient and in the ex ante self-interest
of players. The right to charge transfer fees enables clubs to insure their players. The players, in turn, benefit by converting
risky future income into riskless current income. Overall, player utility is higher under more than under less restrictive
transfer rules.
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Markus Lang (Corresponding author)Email: |
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Kathrin Johansen Saskia Laser Doris Neuberger Ettore Andreani 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2017,43(1):31-58
This paper examines the composition of supervisory boards of 41 large German banks in 1999–2010. We find that the supervisory board structure reflects both outside control by major shareholders and inside control by other stakeholders. The largest group among non-employee board members is made up of bank managers. The high proportion of former executives and German board representation indicates significant inside control. The chairpersons of banks controlled by banks are less likely to be former executives of the same bank than are the chairpersons of banks controlled by non-banks. Over time, representation of industrial and insurance companies on banks’ supervisory boards has decreased and the representation of banks and foreign shareholders has increased. 相似文献
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Gebhard?HüslerEmail author Ronny?Blakeney Egon?Werlen 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2005,34(6):547-557
Illness is rarely considered a “risk factor” in adolescence. This study tests illness, suicidality and substance use as outcome
measures in a path analysis of 1028 Swiss adolescents in secondary prevention programs. The model showed that negative mood
(depression and anxiety) predicted two paths. One path led from negative mood to suicidality and from there to substance use.
The other path led directly from negative mood to illness. Traditional protective factors (good relationships, secure identity)
protected against the negative mood-suicide-substance path, but not against the negative mood-illness path.
Gebhard Hüsler, psychologist and psychotherapist, Director of the Centre for Rehabilitation and Health Psychology Research,
University of Fribourg, rte Englisberg 7, CH 1763 Granges-Paccot, Switzerland.
Ronny Blakeney is a senior researcher at University of Fribourg, Departement Erziehungswissenschaften, University of Fribourg,
rue de Faucigny 2, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. Her major research interests are developmental approaches to the sociomoral
challenges of adolescents.
Egon Werlen is a junior researcher at Center of Rehabilitation and Health Psychology Research, rte Englisberg 7, CH 1763 Granges-Paccot,
Switzerland. His major interests are the course of psychological well being, psychological processes in chronic diseases,
and methodological issues. 相似文献
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Terminology like "evaluation research" and "policy analysis research" poses a fundamental conflict in talking about what constitutes legitimate inquiry activities. Using the two-part definition of disciplined inquiry developed by Cronbach and Suppes (1969). it is possible to characterize research, evaluation and policy analysis as three separate and distinct forms of disciplined inquiry. As distinct forms, each has its own unique definition, purpose(s), products, intended outcomes or effects, and audiences. Further, under the definitions proposed, emergent inquiry paradigms have as much utility as older, conventional models. 相似文献