RETHINKING JUVENILE STATUS OFFENSE LAWS: CONSIDERATIONS FOR CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF THE JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION ACT

Families struggling with a breakdown in communication, trying to control the behavior of an unruly child, or experiencing a crisis often look for outside help. Many families, particularly those without resources to pay for private support, turn to their local status offense system. Status offenders are young people charged with behavior unique to their status as juveniles such as running away, truancy, or disobedience. In 2007, Congress will begin to consider reauthorization of the Juvenile Justice Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA), the federal act related to status‐offender policy. By providing an overview of recent state status‐offense legislation and case law, this article identifies issues to be addressed by Congress in reauthorizing the JJDPA.     

乐观主义、风险与法制现代化——评公丕祥《法制现代化的理论逻辑》

作为"法制现代化"论说的代表之作,《法制现代化的理论逻辑》一书存在着法制乐观主义倾向。无论其思想来源,对传统与现代性的看法,以及对人性改造的主张等,都带有乐观主义倾向。这种乐观主义的理论盲点集中体现在其忽视了对风险的认识。因此,需要检讨法制现代化的基本立场,对其注入社会危机、风险等理论元素。     

在沪外国人“三非”案件的发案趋势与世博后的防控对策

在沪外国人"三非"案件的增多,不仅影响了上海市社会治安的稳定,而且扰乱了正常的出入境管理秩序。公安机关要以世博安保工作为契机,完善"三非"案件的防控对策。     

影响当前农村社会稳定的因素

当前,影响农村社会稳定的因素颇多,但归结起来主要有三点:一是宗族势力的迅速崛起,打破了长期以来形成的良好的社会秩序,农村基层政权受到冲击,社会治安秩序遭到破坏;二是干群矛盾的日渐激化,动摇了人民群众对党和政府的信任;三是社会治安形势的异常严峻,使广大群众的安全感受到威胁,安居乐业的社会环境受到严重影响。针对上述问题,公安机关应制定出切实有效的对策和防范措施。     

简论高校安全防范模式

为使校园的各项工作井然有序,大学校园的安全防范模式也需要进行改革。高校的安全防范模式的建立是复杂却又必须的,需要考虑内部及外部的多种因素,从人防、物防、技防多方面考虑,使之形成一个有效的防护体系。     

试析黑社会性质组织犯罪的防控措施

经过“打黑除恶”专项斗争,全国的“黑恶势力”得到了有效遏制。但由于在相当长的一段时间内,我国仍将处于社会转型时期,“黑恶势力”赖以滋生或生存的“土壤”和条件依然存在。应从宏观防控、微观防控、心理防控、改造回归等四个方面对黑社会性质组织犯罪进行有效防控。     

Intimate Partner Violence in Extremely Poor Women: Longitudinal Patterns and Risk Markers

Despite high revalence rates of intimate partner violence in the lives of extremely poor women with dependent children, few studies have investigated the patterns of violence that occur over time, and the characteristics of women that serve as risk markers for partner violence. This paper describes patterns of domestic violence longitudinally and uses multivariate analyses to delineate childhood and adult risk markers for recent intimate partner violence in this population of women. Analyses draw upon a sample of 436 homeless and extremely poor housed mothers receiving welfare, in a mid-sized city in Massachusetts with a large Hispanic population of Puerto Rican descent and relatively fewer Blacks. We found that among women with complete longitudinal data (N=280), almost two-thirds experienced intimate partner violence at some point during their adult life by the end of study follow-up, and that the abuse before and after the baseline interview was episodic and limited over time. To examine the role of individual women's factors, while controlling for partner characteristics, we used baseline data on women who had been partnered during the past year (N=336). Among childhood predictors, we found that sexual molestation contributed most significantly to adult intimate partner violence that occurred during the past year prior to the baseline interview. Adult risk markers included inadequate emotional support from non-professionals, poor self-esteem, and a partner with substance abuse problems. Having a partner with poor work history was another independent predictor of recent abuse. Ethnicity did not significantly predict whether women were abused or not during the past year, contrary to other findings reported in the literature.     

首都社会治安整体防控理论述评

首都社会治安整体防控理论的主要内容包括:整体防控的战略部署,四张网络的立体架构,防范控制的精确指导,专业力量的精确打击,队伍建设的全面推进.首都社会治安整体防控理论的科学价值在于:它建立了一套特定的概念体系,提出了一系列科学的判断,解答了新时期社会治安工作面临的系列难题.该理论对治安情况复杂地区的社会治安防控体系建设工作具有普遍的指导意义.     

The Role of Perceived Parental Knowledge on Emerging Adults’ Risk Behaviors

The purpose of this study was to gain a clearer understanding of the relation between parents’ knowledge of their emerging-adult children and emerging adults’ risk behaviors. Participants included 200 undergraduate students between the ages of 18 and 25 (121 women, 78 men; M _age = 19.59, SD = 1.62) and both of their parents. Results revealed that knowledge of the emerging-adult child’s activities varied as a function of parent- and child-reports, and that child outcomes associated with parental knowledge were generally positive, including less drinking, drug use, and risky sexual behavior (although this varied as a function of reporter). The links between maternal knowledge and lower drug and alcohol use were particularly strong in the presence of maternal closeness. Implications for understanding the parent–child relationship during the transition to adulthood were discussed.

我国公民非法出入境的形态、特征及防治

非法出入境的犯罪行为严重损害了国家的声誉和国际形象,给我国的政治、经济和社会治安带来了很大危害。目前对非法出入境的治理认识不足,基础工作薄弱,预防打击不力,各有关部门权责不明,尚未形成有效合力。为此,必须通过改革建立适合我国国情的治理机制,加强内外合作,有效治理和打击非法出入境犯罪活动。