援疆形势下新疆阜康煤炭产业发展研究

经济发展的过程是动态过程,相应地,援助制度也需要在经济发展的历程中不断变化和创新。援助制度如果能适应发展的需要作出创新,为生产活动提供激励和制度保障,援助就会是高效的。新疆阜康市抓住全国对口援疆的发展机遇,发展自身的煤炭优势产业,促进新的经济生长点,提高自我发展能力,改进人民生活,从而实现我们这个多民族统一国家的长治久安。     

美国联邦政府的煤矿安全生产监管制度研究

中美两国都是世界上最主的煤炭生产国和消费国.但是,两国的煤矿安全状况却存在较大差异.除了煤炭产业结构、技术水平和资源禀赋等因素之外,煤矿安全监管法治建设也是导致这一差异的重原因.美国煤矿安全生产立法经历多轮修订,不断纠正历次重大煤矿事故暴露出的监管缺陷,建立起独立高效的煤矿安全监管体系,完善煤矿安全监察和事故调查程序,优化了法律责任和执法机制.此外,煤矿安全监察员和煤矿从业人员的强制培训制度,也可以有效加强监管机构的监管能力和监管对象的合规水平.而美国矿山安全和健康委员会独立负责的行政复议,有效保障了对行政执法行为的纠错和对相对人的救济功能.这些经验值得中国参考借鉴.     

用科学发展观统领煤炭企业可持续发展

结合煤炭企业实际来看,科学发展观对资源型国有企业的可持续发展有着重要的指导作用。     

煤矿安全事故频发的法律解读与反思

频发的矿难已经成为阻碍煤矿产业健康可持续发展的瓶颈.在这其中,立法价值目标多元化、法律更新滞后及立法技术不完善、行政问责法律制度不健全是导致目前煤矿安全事故频发的法律原因,而产权责任不清、行业准入制度及煤矿安全监察体系不完善等则是导致煤矿事故频发的体制原因.因此,完善煤矿安全法律体系、理顺矿产资源产权关系、健全行业准入...     

欧洲煤钢联营及其对东北亚经济一体化的启示

在欧洲一体化的进程中 ,欧洲煤钢联营是最具有决定性意义的一步。从某种意义上说 ,欧洲一体化是以政治和军事需要开始的产业部门的联合 ,进而在其经验的基础上发展起来的全面联合。这一过程中 ,在机构、制度建设上 ,欧洲联邦主义人士的积极推动都起到了积极作用。展望东北亚区域经济合作 ,我们认为 ,为实现东北亚经济的一体化 ,在推进总体经济一体化的进程中 ,应同时考虑探索产业部门领域的联合。另外 ,为了东北亚经济一体化不致失败且长期发展 ,还应该建立超越各国利害关系的跨国性制度和机构 ,更重要的是还需要有一批为东北亚经济一体化而献身的人才。     

Best Available Techniques (BAT) and Coal-fired Power Stations: Can the Energy Gap be Plugged Without Increasing Emissions?

At present, there is much anxiety regarding the security ofenergy supplies; for example, the UK and other European Statesare set to become increasingly dependant upon imports of naturalgas from states with which political relations are often strained.These uncertainties are felt acutely by the electricity generatingsector, which is facing major challenges regarding the choiceof fuel mix in the years ahead. Nuclear energy may provide analternative; however, in the UK, progress in replacing the firstgeneration reactors is exceedingly slow. A number of operatorsare looking to coal as a means of plugging the energy gap. However,in the light of ever more stringent legal controls on emissions,this step cannot be taken without the adoption of sophisticatedpollution abatement technology. This article examines the rolewhich legal concepts such as Best Available Techniques (BAT)must play in bringing about these changes.     

Coal Mine Safety Regulation in China and the USA

The People's Republic of China (PRC) and the USA are, by long measure, the world's largest producers and consumers of coal. Coal production is inherently risky, and fatalities are unavoidable in these large coal economies. Both countries have developed complex systems of law to regulate coal mine safety. These systems share many attributes. Despite similarities between the separate systems of mining law, the PRC significantly trails the USA in terms of coal mine safety. Due to large disparity in economic development, it may be inappropriate to compare these two countries. However, the PRC's mine safety record is significantly worse than that of other large producers who are similarly underdeveloped. It appears that the PRC has failed to effectively implement its mining safety laws. Several arguments have been made as to the cause of this failure, including lack of judicial review of agency actions, lack of meaningful trade unions, government corruption and geographical difficulties of controlling rural mines with a central government. This article explores similarities and differences between the coal economies of the USA and PRC, and introduces some of the arguments used to explain the gap in safety.     

Assessment of the cause and mode of death of victims of a mass industrial accident in the Halemba coal mine

On 21 November 2006 in the Halemba coal mine, Ruda ?l?ska, a mass industrial accident occurred. The underground catastrophe was probably due to combustion of methane followed by explosion of pulverised coal and resulted in death of twenty-three miners. The occurrence has been acknowledged to be one of the most serious accidents in Polish mining industry. Post-mortem examinations of the deceased were carried out in Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, and in some cases additional dissecting techniques were employed. Photographs were taken as well as numerous specimens for various laboratory tests were collected. Toxicological analyses of blood samples revealed high levels of carboxyhaemoglobin saturation in seventeen cases, and detected presence of methane in the lungs of seven individuals, whereas microscopic specimens mainly showed lesions characteristic of putrefaction. The post-mortem procedures eventually allowed to establish the cause of death of all victims. The authors attempt to determine a range of requisite medico-legal proceedings and examinations that should be carried out in case of a mass industrial accident, and emphasise the need for development of appropriate guidelines.