纽马克翻译理论与汉语文化负载词的翻译

汉语文化负载词的翻译历来是翻译界的难题,在翻译方法和策略的选择上一直缺少科学、规范的参考。本文以我国文学作品及现实生活中的翻译实例为例,探讨将彼得·纽马克的交际翻译及语义翻译理论应用于汉语文化负载词翻译的可行性,认为适当地运用交际翻译及语义翻译策略能帮助译者更好地胜任汉语文化负载词的翻译工作。     

论德鲁克目标管理及其在行政管理中的应用

1954年,德鲁克在《管理实践》中首次提出目标管理的概念,并且建构了目标管理体系。德鲁克在他的目标管理体系中对目标制定、目标实施和成果检测进行了详细的论述。德鲁克的目标管理思想与其之前的管理思想家关于“目标”、“任务”和“计划”的相关思想有本质的不同。时至今日,德鲁克目标管理理论对我们仍有非常重要的意义和影响。     

Continuities and Discontinuities in German Legal Thought

How does the history of your country and its legal traditions affect your identity as a citizen, researcher, teacher? In case you happen to be from Germany, how do you live with the memory of national crimes - and the fact that legal academia identified in significant numbers with the Nazi regime? Are there affinities in German legal traditions to anti-liberal ideologies and authoritarian mentalities? How did post-war Germany face its past? The essay does not try to address these questions systematically but through a narrative which seeks to trace the biographical impact of the German history.

     

The Lord of the Rings and New Zealand: fantasy pilgrimages,imaginative transnationalism and the semiotics of the (Ir)Real

Peter Jackson's decision to make the Lord of the Rings and Hobbit films in his native New Zealand has given the country a major boost in tourism, but this has also become the paradigm of a new imaginative transformation of landscapes. The zeal with which many tourists visit these sites has similarities to the religious pilgrimage, not only in terms of the degree of enthusiasm invoked, but also in rituals of knowledge, ardour and “spiritual” envisioning. The global fantasy industry thus fosters alternative and dualistic engagements with the land that have come to contest the cultural and physical engagement with and even access to the land, as well as exacerbating the existing racial politics, particularly in smaller and more vulnerable nations such as New Zealand. What might be called the “(ir)realist” semiotics of fantasy – with its own cultural hegemony disguised as playful dualism – becomes a notable form of global remapping, often with positive benefits, but also with dangers to local cultures and identities.     

‘This Spider Web of Woman's Life’: Private Space and Community Life in Peter Abelard

This essay explores such complex and ambiguous presentation of convent life in Helen Waddell's novel Peter Abelard (1933), considering Heloise's fear of women's communities as expression of concerns central to women's writing published in Britain during the 1920s and 1930s. Waddell uses Peter Abelard to intervene in these contemporary debates about private and public spaces. The dislike which her Heloise expresses for women's communities may, given the text's feminist ideology, seem surprising, but, as discussed, similar anxieties are voiced in texts by several of Waddell's contemporaries, and the novel is shaped by this tension between private, autonomous individual and shared public space. Peter Abelard is read in relation to selected journalism of Vera Brittain and Winifred Holtby (late 1920s), Virginia Woolf's A Room of One's Own (1928) and Dorothy Sayers' Gaudy Night (1935).     

Foam architecture: managing co-isolated associations

Abstract

This article analyses Peter Sloterdijk's grand trilogy on spheres which re-conceptualizes our being-together and its spatial conditions. After a brief outline of the main objectives of sphereology, I analyse the notion of foam which, Sloterdijk argues, should replace the concept of society. I here explore the sociological theories that form the backdrop to Sloterdijk's idea of foam sociality, in particular Gabriel Tarde's monadological sociology of imitation but also the vitalist impulse that is central to the immunology of the foam theory, and which Sloterdijk inherits from Hermann Broch. The following section examines one of the important contributions of the foam theory, namely, its explicit engagement with architecture. In the final part, I offer a foam-theoretical interpretation of environmental crime prevention. This case study brings together foam theory, immunology and the focus on architecture.     

东南亚环境史研究述评

东南亚环境史研究既是东南亚历史研究的一个重要分支学科,也是东南亚研究中的一个新兴跨学科研究领域.本文分为两部分.第一部分综合分析东南亚环境史研究兴起的特点,简要概括东南亚环境史研究的重要进展.第二部分是对荷兰著名东南亚环境史学家彼得·布姆加德教授的访谈,布姆加德教授对笔者提出的东南亚环境史研究中的一些重要问题给予了回答.希望本文能对开拓中国东南亚研究的新领域、深化世界环境史研究有所启示和帮助.     

Deaf to women: Rhodes’s refusal to hear women or his own feminine voice within – a reading of Schreiner’s Trooper Peter Halket of Mashonaland

E.D. Morel’s chapter, ‘The story of Southern Rhodesia’, in his signal text The black man’s burden (1920), provides intertextual reference to Olive Schreiner’s work Trooper Peter Halket of Mashonaland (1897) in discussing libertarian thought and distinguishing aspects of male/female authorship. Schreiner’s feminist perspective affords her a wider purview of colonialist prerogatives than those exhibited by several contemporary male observers or commentators. The figure of Jesus, as pictured in her neglected political/moral parable, far from being ironic, sentimental or evangelical in purpose, embodies her ideal balance of female and male qualities. Schreiner relies on this redemptive icon both in an ethical and gendered sense to project new understanding and enlightenment onto the strife of the day, which allows her, in turn, to expose and critique Rhodes’s male deafness both to women and his own feminine nature. By contrast, Halket’s conversion, his feminisation, holds up the alternative of hope versus Rhodes’s predatory male soul and final moral damnation.     

The West Midlands and Powell's Birmingham Speech

This article examines how the changing political debate in West Midlands’ constituencies influenced Powell's thinking, and how the area reacted to his ‘Rivers of Blood’ speech. It looks at local perceptions of Commonwealth immigration in the West Midlands. It contrasts largely tolerant Wolverhampton with attitudes in nearby Smethwick; here a small number of race propagandists shaped local feeling through the columns of the Smethwick Telephone. The article considers their campaign, and the notorious victory of the hardliner Peter Griffiths in the 1964 general election. Powell and allies learnt there was electoral mileage in the ‘race card’, then campaigning on the issue. The article details the strength of subsequent local support after his Midlands Hotel speech, a loyalty only fortified in response to the execration of a horrified metropolitan elite and lasting until his defection from the Conservative party in 1974.