青少年违法犯罪的分析及对策思考

解决青少年违法犯罪问题,既要抓住重点,又要有发展眼光,才能建立适应青少年违法犯罪形势的、动态的控制体系     

Exploring the Relationship Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Adult Sexual Perpetration

Empirical findings indicate that many adult sexual offenders experienced sexual abuse during childhood. It has been suggested that characteristics of offenders' sexual perpetrating behaviors may resemble their own victimization experiences, although there has been minimal empirical investigation in this area. The purpose of the present study was to provide preliminary data on the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and characteristics of sexual offending behavior. A sample of adult male sexual offenders with histories of sexual abuse completed the Sexual Victimization Survey as well as a measure on their sexual offenses. Such characteristics as the nature of sexual activities, duration and frequency of experiences, and age and relationship of participants were examined. Results showed trends in the hypothesized direction and revealed a variety of similarities between childhood sexual abuse and adult sexual perpetration. Findings of this exploratory study suggest the importance of addressing the nature of victimization in the treatment of sexually abused boys and offenders with histories of sexual abuse.     

论洗钱罪的主体

本文主要对洗钱罪主体的争议问题作了论述,提出了洗钱罪的主体应当包括上游犯罪行为人,并从刑法理论、刑事司法实践、世界刑事立法现状及趋势以及国际刑事司法合作的角度进行了较为详尽的论述。     

RETHINKING JUVENILE STATUS OFFENSE LAWS: CONSIDERATIONS FOR CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF THE JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION ACT

Families struggling with a breakdown in communication, trying to control the behavior of an unruly child, or experiencing a crisis often look for outside help. Many families, particularly those without resources to pay for private support, turn to their local status offense system. Status offenders are young people charged with behavior unique to their status as juveniles such as running away, truancy, or disobedience. In 2007, Congress will begin to consider reauthorization of the Juvenile Justice Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA), the federal act related to status‐offender policy. By providing an overview of recent state status‐offense legislation and case law, this article identifies issues to be addressed by Congress in reauthorizing the JJDPA.     

THE CAUSES OF GIRLS’ DELINQUENCY AND THEIR PROGRAM IMPLICATIONS

This article summarizes some of the literature reviewed by the Girls Study Group, which is a federally funded project aimed at assessing the causes of girls’ delinquency as well as evaluating programs to address it. The literature reveals that a number of factors such as family dysfunction, involvement with antisocial peers, and living in disadvantaged neighborhoods are correlated with delinquency for both boys and girls. Some factors, however, are gender sensitive, meaning that either girls are more exposed to a given risk factor than boys or react somewhat differently to a given risk factor. Girls have higher rates of exposure to sexual assault, which is associated with delinquency and, although more research is needed, they are more affected by the impacts of early puberty, when it is coupled with harsh parenting and disadvantaged neighborhoods. This article discusses some implications of the research on correlates of delinquency for programming for girls and makes recommendations for program selection.     

论行政诉讼被告资格范式的重构

行政诉讼的被告资格一直是困扰行政法理论界和实务界的一个难题,笔者认为造成这种困境的主要原因是学术界错误地把行政主体资格作为认定行政诉讼被告的条件。事实上,从便于诉讼的角度出发,行政诉讼被告的认定规则完全可以简单化。值此我国《行政诉讼法》修改之际,参照世界各国行政诉讼的被告资格制度,重构我国行政诉讼被告资格范式,对于正确发挥行政诉讼的应有功效,理顺行政组织法研究体系具有重要的意义。     

未成年犯社区矫正分析

社区矫正在预防和控制未成年人犯罪方面具有十分重要的地位和作用,符合未成年犯的心理特征,有利于克服监禁刑的弊端,有利于和发达国家的刑罚模式接轨。我国社会主义的刑事政策、社会主义的法律体系以及日趋完善的社区和健全的司法行政体系资源为未成年犯罪人适用社区矫正提供了现实可能性。针对我国未成年犯社区矫正工作中存在的问题,笔者认为,更新行刑观念、对社区矫正进行科学定位、建立专门的社区矫正机构、配备专业的矫正人员、建立适合未成年人特点的社区矫正项目以及建立未成年犯社区矫正制度的评估体系是对未成年犯社区矫正制度完善的重要举措。     

完善我国未成年人犯罪司法保护制度

未成年人犯罪是一种特殊的犯罪类型,它在犯罪的成因与认定、刑罚的适用、诉讼的方式及犯罪的预防等方面都具有与成年人犯罪不同的特点,从而形成了相对独立的未成年人犯罪法律制度。从我国未成年人犯罪呈现的几大特点来看,现行未成年人犯罪法律制度存在着诸多不尽完善的地方,而且也越来越不能满足现实的要求。因此我们有必要加以重新审视,以进一步提高对未成年人的司法保护水平,完善中国的未成年人司法制度。     

Juvenile Criminality And Semi-Criminality: Learning From Victorian Perceptions And Responses

This article focuses on media reportage of offensive juveniles, past and present, to elicit lessons that the twenty-first century can learn from the Victorian past in terms of diversionary responses. How to prevent vulnerable juveniles sliding into dangerous criminality is a continuing preoccupation: the issue explored in this article relates to the creation of the identity of the criminal juvenile. In utilising the concept of semi-criminality to label certain types of juvenile anti-social behaviour the Victorians avoided actual criminalisation of socially offensive but, in legal terms, minor behaviours. The reasons for and negative consequences of the abandonment of this concept by the modern age are explored, including the reconceptualisation of where responsibility for juvenile offending lies in the modern era.     

浅谈走私犯罪案件侦查中的追缉堵截

在走私犯罪案件侦查中经常会遇到犯罪嫌疑人逃跑或查缉运载走私货物车辆的情况，如何迅速抓获逃跑的犯罪嫌疑人和缉获私货与正确实施追缉堵截这一紧急性侦查措施是紧密联系在一起的。在抓捕逃跑的走私犯罪嫌疑人和截获运载私货的车辆时，这两种方法结合使用，可形成前堵后追，前后夹击的格局，便于迅速抓获走私犯罪嫌疑人和截获运载私货的车辆。