职工工伤与职业病致残程度鉴定计算机分析系统的研发

目的组织法医学教授、计算机专家研发职工工伤与职业病致残程度鉴定计算机分析系统。方法基于windows平台;依据《劳动能力鉴定职工工伤与职业病致残等级分级》(GB/T 16180-2006)标准;应用Visual Basic 6.0编程。结果研发完成的职工工伤与职业病致残程度鉴定计算机分析系统对运行电脑系统的配置要求较低,安装过程简单,使用方便,界面美观,运行速度快,结论可靠,具有许多方便用户使用的特点。结论该分析系统使职工工伤与职业病致残程度鉴定结论的公正性、科学性、准确性和时效性得以充分保障,最大限度地减少鉴定结论的人为误差,适合在鉴定机构推广应用,并将对维护司法公正和提高司法鉴定效率起到积极作用。     

在校女大学生的择业倾向及其影响因素——基于北京市大学生的调查

用问卷调查法对北京市30多所高校大学生就其择业倾向的调查结果显示:大部分女大学生把工作稳定排在首位;首选的就业地区是经济发达的大中城市;大部分认为工作与所学专业要有一定关联;期望的月薪集中在2500~5000元之间,工作的首要目的是实现自我价值;低收入家庭选择找工作的比例高,高收入家庭选择准备出国的比例高;愿到基层就业的女大学生总体趋势随着家庭年收入的增加而下降;高收入家庭的学生更看重第一份工作对自我成长的价值,而低收入家庭的相对看重先自食其力;成绩排名靠前的学生选择继续深造的比例高,成绩排名靠后的选择找工作的比例高。     

公安院校大学生自我效能感与职业认同现状及相关性研究

为调查公安院校大学生自我效能感与职业认同现状并探讨其相关性,通过整群抽样法选取某公安院校3280名大学生,采用一般自我效能感量表和警察职业认同量表进行调查,结果显示:该公安院校大学生的一般自我效能感总分为(26.49±5.72)分,职业认同总分为(11.55±1.64)分;单因素分析显示,自我效能感总分、职业认同总分在...     

Civilian Forensic Technician and Sworn Police Officer Job-Related Stress

Forensic Technicians provide crime scene investigation services and are exposed to stressful violent crimes, motor vehicle accidents, biological or chemical hazards, and other appalling imagery. Forensic Technicians would likely experience physical and psychological stress after exposure to trauma, and security vulnerabilities similar to Sworn Police Officers. The perceived availability of mental health resources, job-related physical, psychological stress, and traumatic experiences of both Forensic Technicians and Sworn Police Officers from California law enforcement agencies were investigated using a self-reported survey. Responses were evaluated for any significant differences in the perceived stress, job-related physical stress, and resulting psychological impact affecting the participants. The survey contained a mix of True/False, Circle/Check the Appropriate Box, or Likert Scale (1–5) responses. The results were evaluated statistically and discussed. Results indicated Sworn Police Officers and Forensic Technicians have different on-duty stress levels, but similar off-duty stress levels. Nearly two-thirds of 54 job-related stressors were not significantly different between the two occupations. However, Forensic Technicians reported more adverse effects in 17 physical and psychological job-related activities compared with Sworn Police Officers. Forensic Technicians reported lower awareness levels and availability of agency mental health support services than were reported by Sworn Police Officers. This study reports for the first time an unexpected outcome that perceived and job-related psychological stress is greater for Forensic Technicians than Sworn Police Officers. Possible reasons for this disparity will be discussed as well as stress management tools that should be implemented to reduce health risk factors for both career professionals as well as increase public safety.     

Evaluating the Potential for Unintentional Occupational Exposure to Fentanyl and Fentanyl Analogues Among Medicolegal Death Investigators and Autopsy Technicians

Recent increases in deaths in the United States from synthetic opioids such as fentanyl and fentanyl analogues (fentanyls) have raised concerns about possible occupational exposures to these potent agents. Medicolegal death investigators and autopsy suite staff might perform job tasks involving exposure to fentanyls. The potential for exposure to fentanyls among medicolegal death investigators and autopsy technicians at a state medical examiner's office was evaluated through review of caseload characteristics, injury and illness logs, and procedures and policies and discussions with management and employee representatives. The evaluation showed that this medical examiner's office had low potential for work-related exposure to fentanyls; its standard operating procedures and personal protective equipment requirements should reduce the potential for occupational exposure. Medicolegal death investigation agencies can develop and implement guidance to control exposures and provide workforce education and training to reduce the potential for work-related exposure to fentanyls.     

No Rosy glasses in Bluesy Ghettos? Job satisfaction of pink and blue collar workers and the comparable worth legislations

ABSTRACT

The majority of studies using contemporary data report that women have a higher job satisfaction than men, and even more so in the occupations with a greater female share. This pattern, paradoxically given the lower pay of female-dominated jobs, is often attributed to women’s voluntary sorting into these occupations. In contrast, historical scholarship emphasizes the societal restrictions which shaped women’s vocational choices and the dissatisfactions with wages which led to the comparable worth movements around the world. During the 1980s, the Canadian comparable worth movement achieved momentum and instigated many legislative changes. By 1989, 6 out of 10 Canadian provinces had laws prescribing ‘equal pay for work of equal value.’ Using nationally representative Canadian data from 1989 to 1991, we examine how these legislations affected job satisfaction in pink and blue collar occupations. We find strong evidence for the higher job satisfaction of pink collar women in jurisdictions with a comparable worth legislation. The findings are discussed within the sociocultural context of the late twentieth century.     

论我国职业病防治法律规制的进路及完善

我国已建立多层次保障职业健康和防治职业病的规制体系,其具体进路主要表现为劳动者权益保护日益增强、用人单位责任进一步强化、便捷高效原则更加突出、职业病防治监管主体多次转变。四条进路之间呈现既相互联系又相互区别的辩证统一关系,表明我国职业病防治重点解决职业病诊断、鉴定及追责之困境,已将劳动者权益置于首位,摆脱了法律工具禁锢,而转向权益保障的价值目标。展望未来,尚可从匹配职业病诊断和鉴定机构的管辖级别、设立职业病鉴定中的听证程序、持续推行高效便民原则及实现对职业卫生监管直接责任人员的监察整合等方面进一步优化。     

论现场勘验人员的安全防护

现场勘验人员的安全防护理应是现场勘查技术中现场保护的主要研究内容。长期以来,对现场保护的研究只是片面强调了对现场的保护,对现场上痕迹、物品及尸体的保护,而对现场勘验人员的安全防护却仅依靠其自身的生活与工作经验,或只是师徒传承等基础之上的自发、盲目的行为。目前,在现场勘验过程中的人员伤亡事故频频发生,教训屡见不鲜,使得现场勘验人员的安全防护成为现场保护薄弱、滞后的研究领域。现场勘验工作本身就是一个需要全体参与人员相互协作配合的团队工作,现场勘验人员的安全防护自然也概莫能外。     

基层民警职业倦怠个体干预探析

目前，基层民警的职业倦怠较为严重，对其进行心理的个体干预可以提高民警的适应能力。个体干预首先采用收集资料、追踪访谈、量表测试等方法了解民警的人格因素、职业倦怠及相关关系，并在此基础上利用认知行为疗法的理论和技术有针对性地实施心理干预措施，加强个体情绪调节的能力，改善归因方式，增强自我效能感，以提高个体的核心自我评价能力，最终降低职业倦怠水平。