20世纪前半叶的云南少数民族民间文学研究

云南有着得天独厚的少数民族民间文学资源 ,系统全面地对这些资源的发掘、整理与研究已经历了近百年历程。从 2 0世纪初开始发现云南少数民族民间文学的文学价值与学术价值 ,到 2 0世纪 5 0年代～ 60年代民间文学的大规模搜集与整理、 70年代末及 80年代的系统研究 ,直到 90年代以来的多维研究 ,云南少数民族民间文学取得了丰硕的成果 ,形成了一定的特色 ,但也存在着一些值得深思的问题。     

United We Stand?

Abstract

On September 11, 2001, almost 3000 people died due to terrorist attacks on U.S. soil. Almost all Americans were shocked and saddened by these attacks and agreed that those responsible must be brought to justice. However, not everyone had the same views. College students at two midwestern universities were surveyed. On 13 of 21 questions, there were significant bivariate differences between White and Nonwhite students. Generally, the differences between the two groups of students continued even in multivariate analysis after controlling for the effects of gender, age, and academic level.     

解读西南少数民族崇尚的色彩语言—"黑"

色彩语言是指人类社会中作为信息传递手段的色彩和意义结合的符号系统。西南不少民族崇尚黑色,以黑为美,以黑为贵,就在于色彩语言中的"黑"能传递出他们所企盼的信息。影响民族尚黑习俗形成的因素是复杂多样的,主要有三大因素:一是西南地区特有的自然环境和生产方式;二是原始宗教;三是历史上的文化接触与融合。但民族尚黑习俗的形成并不要求这三大因素必须同时起作用。     

书写与歧视——"夜郎自大"现象与少数民族历史的异化

近年来,"夜郎自大"所体现的对于夜郎君主的误解开始引起学者们的广泛关注。然而,误解并非是偶然的,司马迁的历史记载以及成语贬义的形成,凝聚着深厚的传统的文化偏见,反映了在古代民族中心主义语境下,少数民族历史书写所遭受的一种普遍命运。     

Gender,Culture and the Law: Approaches to ‘Honour Crimes’ in the UK

This article examines the debate on whether to analyse ‘honour crimes’ as gender-based violence, or as cultural tradition, and the effects of either stance on protection from and prevention of these crimes. In particular, the article argues that the categorisation of honour-related violence as primarily cultural ignores its position within the wider spectrum of gender violence, and may result in a number of unfortunate side-effects, including lesser protection of the rights of women within minority communities, and the stigmatisation of those communities. At the same time it is problematic to completely dismiss any cultural aspects of violence against women, and a nuanced approach is required which carefully balances the benefits and detriments of taking cultural factors into account. The article examines the issues within the context of the legal response to cases involving honour-related violence, arguing that although the judiciary has in a number of cases inclined towards viewing ‘honour’ as primarily cultural rather than patriarchal, in some cases they have begun to take a more gender-based or ‘mature multiculturalism’ approach.

Do Policies of Multiculturalism Change National Identities?

‘Policies of multiculturalism are often criticised for undermining national identities in one of three ways and in this article I suggest why this is questionable and then point to a more plausible relationship between the two. More specifically, I offer a hypothesis which is that policies of multiculturalism change national identities and I argue that this hypothesis is both theoretically plausible and empirically plausible in at least one instance. This argument is made in three stages and in the first of them I explain what I think policies of multiculturalism and national identities are. In the second stage I present my hypothesis and explain why it is theoretically plausible. In the third stage I use new evidence to suggest why my hypothesis is also empirically plausible in at least one instance. In the final stage I show why a sceptic who might doubt whether my hypothesis is plausible in other instances need not do so.’     

西部大开发与少数民族青年干部培训工作

西部大开发,人才是关键.培养造就一支适应新形势新任务要求的少数民族干部队伍,是关系全局、人具有战略意义的紧迫任务.在对少数民族青年干部培训工作中要把握好五个方面教学内容要有较强的针对性和实效性;解放思想,更新观念,树立创新意识;加强民族政策与民族团结教育;尊重民族风俗习惯;组织好参观考察活动.     

如何保障我国《婚姻法》在少数民族地区的贯彻执行

在我国这样一个统一的多民族国家,各少数民族的婚姻制度和风俗习惯各具特点。这些特点与我们当前的婚姻立法不相适应的情况时有发生。在此情况下,就如何在少数民族地区确保我国婚姻立法的效力而又充分尊重各少数民族的婚姻制度和风俗习惯的问题进行探讨是十分必要的。     

论我国少数民族社会生产力的跨越式发展

生产力是少数民族社会发展的最终决定力量;科学技术是第一生产力,是推动少数民族社会全面进步的伟大杠杆。我国少数民族社会必须通过科技建设与技术创新、民族教育的建设与创新、管理创新、民族文化的创新和发展,实现生产力的跨越式发展,促进少数民族经济社会的全面发展。     

Opposition to immigration in contemporary Russia

The study examines sources of opposition to immigration in contemporary Russia. It distinguishes between two types of opposition to immigration: exclusionary attitudes based on national membership and exclusionary attitudes based on race or ethnicity, directed exclusively at foreigners with non-Slavic or non-European origins. Findings indicate that a quarter of ethnic Russians can be classified as “racial exclusionists”; they are willing to admit immigrants who share a race/ethnic group with most of Russia’s people but object to the admission of racially/ethnically different immigrants. Another 42% of ethnic Russians are classified as “total exclusionists”; they object to immigration of all foreigners, regardless of their race/ethnicity. Multivariate analysis focuses on the impact of perceived collective vulnerability, human values, and socio-demographic attributes. Opposition to immigration in Russia is further situated within temporal and cross-national comparative perspectives. Apparently, exclusionary attitudes toward immigrants who share a race/ethnicity with most Russians increased between 2006 and 2016.