我国女性文明发展的思考

十一届三中全会以来,我国的"女性文明"发展取得了举世瞩目的成绩.我国妇女在物质文明和精神文明建设中做出了新贡献;妇女参政议政提高到新水平;妇女地位的提高和权利的实现取得了新进展.这些成绩,在世界妇女史上是绝无仅有的,但我国"女性文明"的发展还存在许多不足之处,其发展还面临重重阻力和障碍,还需要在不断的改革发展中继续向前推进.     

Multi-resolution image fusion technique and its application to forensic science

Image fusion is a process of combining two or more images into an image. It can extract features from source images, and provide more information than one image can. Multi-resolution analysis plays an important role in image processing, it provides a technique to decompose an image and extract information from coarse to fine scales. In some practical forensic examinations (such as the cartridge image check), we cannot obtain all information from just one image; on the contrary, we need information from images with difference light sources (or light ways). In this paper, we apply an image fusion method based on multi-resolution analysis to forensic science. Synthetic and real images (such as images from closed-up photography and flash photography) are used to show the capability of the multi-resolution image fusion technique.     

References for determining the time of death by potassium in vitreous humor

The different statements concerning the slope and intercept of the regression line and the 95% limits of confidence are the reason that potassium in vitreous humor is not used (at least in Germany) as an aid in estimating the time of death. The relationship between the concentration of potassium and the time of death is mainly influenced by antemortem electrolyte imbalances caused by disease and/or duration of terminal episode. The influence of terminal episode is best identified by its duration (Adelson et al., J. Forensic Sci., 8 (1963) 503–514). In order to have a method suitable for every case and to be as precise as possible we looked therefore for parameters in vitreous humor which were stable postmortem and indicating antemortem electrolyte imbalance. Urea is such a parameter, being stable postmortem (Coe, Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 51 (1969) 741–750) and useful as a marker of antemortem electrolyte imbalance. Our investigations on potassium in vitreous humor, including sudden and hospital deaths after chronic lingering disease, revealed 95% limits of confidence of ±34 h up to 120 h postmortem. Reviewing only cases with urea less than 100 mg/dl the 95% limits of confidence could be reduced to ±22 h. Considering the duration of terminal episode (<6 h) the precision was ±20 h. In this way our modified procedure is suitable for every case with the resulting precision of estimation being determined only by the duration of the terminal episode and urea concentration.     

试论师幼良好人际关系的特点和形成

情感性、民主平等性、多样性是良好师幼人际关系的重要特点.为了形成良好的师幼人际关系,教师应形成有关幼儿的准确印象;加强与幼儿的沟通与理解;综合运用各种交往手段.     

Forensic analysis of hallucinogenic fungi: a DNA-based approach

Hallucinogenic fungi synthesize two controlled substances, psilocin and psilocybin. Possession of the fungal species that contain these compounds is a criminal offence in North America. Some related species that are morphologically similar, do not contain the controlled substances. Therefore, unambiguous identification of fungi to the species level is critical in determining if a mushroom is illegal. We investigate a phylogenetic approach for the identification of species that contain the psychoactive compounds. We analyzed 35 North American specimens representing seven different genera of hallucinogenic and non-hallucinogenic mushrooms. We amplified and sequenced the internal transcribed spacer region of the rDNA (ITS-1) and a 5′ portion of the nuclear large ribosomal subunit of rRNA (nLSU rRNA or 28S). ITS-1 locus sequence data was highly variable and produced a phylogenetic resolution that was not consistent with morphological identifications. In contrast, the nLSU rRNA data clustered isolates from the same species and separated hallucinogen containing and non-hallucinogen containing isolates into distinct clades. With this information, we propose an approach that combines the specificity of PCR detection and the resolving power of phylogenetic analysis to efficiently and unambiguously identify hallucinogenic fungal specimens for legal purposes.     

对农村妇女信教问题的分析与思考

农村基层组织薄弱、思想政治工作淡化、精神文化生活贫乏以及妇女自身科技文化素质偏低等是女性信教者增多的主要原因.女性信教者增多已经干扰了农村两大文明建设,直接影响到当前农村社会的发展与稳定.解决农村妇女信教问题要突出农村思想政治教育的科学性、可参与性、针对性和实效性等具体应对措施.     

基于作者共被引的公共行政研究状况图谱分析——以《Public Administration Review》为研究对象

一门学科的发展离不开优秀专家学者的倾力支持，在公共行政学的形成和发展过程中，同样有一批优秀的公共行政学者推动了公共行政不同分支领域的衍生与发展。运用作者共被引和信息可视化方法，对权威期刊《公共行政评论》（Public Administration Review）于1975--2008年间发表的论文引文中被引频次前50名的学者进行分析。研究结果展现了公共行政领域的主要学术流派，并验证了公共行政研究确实是在沿着范式转移的轨迹更迭交替着。而这种变迁是相对的，大部分时间内，不同范式之间以及和其他学术流派之间是共存、互动甚至交融的。研究还发现，网络化治理正凭借其多中心和网络化的组织基础以及服务治理的先进理念迅速崛起，它将成为公共行政新的研究范式，而基于网络理论的公共行政理论大整合也将很有可能成为公共行政未来的研究热点。此外，实证结果与公共行政范式分类的高度相似性也充分表明了作者共被引和信息可视化方法的科学和有效，它的确为学科范式研究提供了一条定量研究的新思路和一个宏观分析的新视角。     

Transfer experiments with acrylic fibres

Some simple experiments on the transfer of acrylic fibres simulating real life conditions are described. The transfer to, and persistence of these fibres on clothing and seating and their secondary transfer under different circumstances was investigated. In all instances the donor fibres were from a red cardigan involved in a homicide case. Interpretation of the case work findings was supported by experimental results. Fibres were shown to persist on seats/car seats despite secondary contacts after their original deposition. Caution is advisable when interpreting the transfer of a very low number of recovered fibres. The fibres were also shown to persist on a variety of garments after they had been washed or dry cleaned.     

历史·伦理·精神——对中国古代刑法的价值分析

文章着眼于对中国古代刑事法律制度的价值探析，由古代刑法形成的历史、伦理和精神价值三层次展开论述，在历史价值层面评析了古代刑制具有的社会等级性、宗教性、厌诉性，在伦理价值层面阐述了刑制与道义人情、孝义亲情、宗族法则的融合，在精神价值层面分析了礼法关系变换的三个时期，即礼主法辅、礼辅法主、礼法贯通的三阶段。