论优惠性货物原产地规则的双刃剑效应——兼及中国的实践

优惠性货物原产地规则可分为两大类,一为具体产品的原产地规则,另一为制度型原产地规则,前者主要包括CTC、VC及TP三种标准,后者主要包括微小含量规则、吸收规则、累积规则.其对区域经济发展具有双刃剑效应.中国已实施的七个优惠性原产地规则经历了由简单到复杂,由不完善到逐步完善的演变过程,在发挥应有的保护作用的同时,也在一定程度上限制了优惠待遇的利用.因此,在今后原产地规则的制订中宏观上要充分考虑原产地规则的双重效应;在微观标准设计上要充分发挥原产地规则的正面作用.     

日本传统风险投资模式形成的历史考察:以“VC宪章”为中心

在发展主义的政策范式下,为了能使民间风险投资公司的成立合法化,且又要遵守垄断禁止法禁止成立持股公司的原则,并防止与中小企业政策产生矛盾,日本公平委员会采取了折中的方案,出台了"VC宪章"。"VC宪章"使日本大金融机构、大企业出资成立风险投资公司成为可能,并为风险投资三方主体间的交易提供了治理框架,约束了风险投资机构的投资行为,成为了日本传统风险投资模式的制度起点。     

The Legal Infrastructure for Creativity in China: A Perspective of Venture Capital

A new concept of “legal infrastructure” has recently been emerging and becoming increasingly popular in China. The concept offers a novel analytical framework to explore China’s existing legal organism for creativity. For this academic mission, the perspective of venture capital is developed by this article in that it has been already been convincingly demonstrated by extant studies that venture capital is an indispensable catalyst for the output level of a country’s creativity. The findings of this article are that the current legal infrastructure in China impedes the life cycle of venture capital, to some degree, and in turn impairs the capability of creativity in China’s economy.