云南农产品开发创新问题研究

云南是一个以农业为主的省份,有独特的气候、生态环境、多样性的生物物种等优势,可开发利用的农产品种类多,比较优势突出。在中国成为世贸组织成员的今天,云南农业和农产品受到来自国际和国内市场的冲击,我们只有审时度势,大胆地进行创新、才能使云南农产品在省内外增大市场份额,并走向世界。     

19世纪初期江南华娄地区的农家饲养业

19世纪初,江南华娄地区的饲养业是农业的一个重要组成部分,包括家畜(牛、猪)、家禽(鸡、鸭)和家鱼。从对这种饲养业的定量研究中可以看出,无论是投入还是产出,农家饲养业已成为当地农业经济的重要组成部分。如果没有这种饲养业,农家经济就无法存在下去。     

猪源隐孢子虫感染小鼠模型的建立

应用不同醋酸地塞米松剂量和不同猪源隐孢子虫sucp株卵囊剂量建立了昆明系小鼠感染模型。结果表明,用DEX免疫抑制的感染小鼠均排出隐孢子虫卵囊,非免疫抑制感染组和空白对照组小鼠均没有排出卵囊。卵囊排出高峰期平均在感染后第5~12 d,高峰期的OPG值为5.53×105~17.97×105。组织切片和扫描电镜观察结果显示,在十二指肠、空肠和回肠都有隐孢子虫虫体寄生,其中回肠黏膜微绒毛上的虫体数量较多。合适的卵囊和DEX剂量为每只17日龄小白鼠感染10×105个猪源隐孢子虫卵囊和灌胃DEX 0.03 mg/d。     

论当代公共产品的提供方式及其政府的责任

目前,随着对公共产品属性认识的深化,人们提出并论证了私人参与公共产品提供的必要与可能,从而作为重要的理论基础之一,推动了当代世界范围内的政府改革,构成了当代公共产品提供方式由不同的生产方式与提供方式组合构成的丰富内涵,同时提出了政府在这一过程中的基本责任。     

Children’s attitudes towards animal cruelty: Exploration of predictors and socio-demographic variations

ABSTRACT

Assessing the risk for animal cruelty is imperative, yet understudied and problematic due to the sensitivity of the topic. Early prevention is critical, yet very little research examines cruelty when it first appears in childhood. The aim of this study was to explore children’s attitudes towards types of animal cruelty, to investigate potential demographic differences, and to examine potential associations between acceptance of cruelty and cognitive and affective factors that place children ‘at-risk’ for cruelty perpetration. Questionnaire data was collected from 1127 children in schools. The results indicate that cruelty attitudes are predicted by some demographic variables such as urban living, being male, younger age and not having pets, but depend on the type of animal cruelty. Acceptance of cruelty predicted low compassion and low reported humane behaviour towards animals. Acceptance of cruelty was predicted by negative attitudes towards animals, lower beliefs in animal minds and low attachment to pets, signifying the importance of targeting such variables in future prevention programmes. This study is an original contribution to research into childhood animal cruelty in the general population, with implications for designing and implementing early prevention programmes that tackle problematic attitudes to cruelty.     

财政法视角下的公共财政界定

公共财政由于具有积极分配财政资源的特殊属性,在促进和谐社会建设、促进社会公平分配等方面有着不可估量的作用。随着我国总体经济方式的调整,财政实践中已基本形成公共财政的思路与目标,财政方式也已随之发生改变,财政干预的活动方式也发生改变。财政法作为主要调整公共财政关系的法律,对保障公共财政具有重要作用。由于财政法理论的特殊性,它不能简单地等同于或借用经济学上的一般分析,财政法视角下的公共财政的界定是财政法首要的问题。财政法理论需要尽快或更多注意公共财政的建设目标与进程,并作为财政法基础理论建构的内容。     

The political economy of ‘flex trees’: a preliminary analysis

With the rise of ‘bioeconomy’, trees are receiving increasing attention. This contribution conducts a preliminary analysis of the trajectories and the main drivers of change in the rise of new, flexible and multiple uses of trees. It assesses the political dimensions involved in this transformation, which is simultaneously ongoing, anticipated and imagined. Notes are offered on the issues to be considered when the flex-crop framework is operationalized to include the study of trees, and additional conceptualizations that help in analyzing the political economy of tree uses are provided. Areas needing further empirical study are identified and a preliminary research agenda is suggested. The flexible and multiple use of trees and tree-derived commodities is having a large impact on power relations in the global political economy of forestry and the forest industry, the asymmetry of which is based on who is best able to flex or de-multiply, thereby controlling commodity webs and processing technology. It is argued that while flexing seems to increase diversity, in practice it typically increases this only for the processing industry; the converse occurs in terms of the unification of the productive base into monocultures. However, these two processes go hand in hand, and illustrate how flexing is a deeply capitalist process.     

Paving the way for farm animal welfare in international relations: an EU–Brazil case study

As a sensitive area in international trade, animal welfare measures have encountered resistance in negotiations at the World Trade Organization (WTO). Consequently, alternative avenues have been pursued to reach international trade policy convergence. To further understand the contemporary trade politics of animal welfare, an empirical investigation was conducted on the interplay between European and Brazilian actors in the context of livestock production. By drawing upon diplomatic studies and the global governance literature, this study identifies and analyses initiatives that parallel the WTO approach and through which the development and implementation of mutually acceptable farm animal welfare measures have been pursued. Research findings indicate that a constellation of international non-diplomatic actors are currently engaged in influencing the future development of farm animal welfare measures. Among the initiatives that enable the alignment of European and Brazilian animal welfare policies and practices, there are soft instruments such as knowledge sharing and private standards. The rise of new actors and the use of soft instruments have been, to a certain extent, able to mitigate the tardiness of a WTO consensus regarding the use of animal welfare measures. However, there are concerns that the use of private standards has become a shortcut to circumvent the rigours of the multilateral trading system. This concern deserves a closer look because instead of paving the way, private standards may hamper trade relations which in turn hamper progress in animal welfare matters.     

论动植物检疫徇私舞弊罪

通过对动植物检疫徇私舞弊罪的概念和构成要件特征进行分析,结合司法实践阐释本罪认定应注意的若干问题,并详尽论述本罪与相关罪的罪数形态问题.     

快感的考古消费:文博类文创产业的产品特性研究

中国文创产业发展到今天的水平,应当重视产业细分与产业细分条件下产品特色的开发问题。对故宫文创业的个案进行“知识考古学”研究和考察的结果表明,文博类文创产品的基本特性为快感的考古消费,快感消费为产品经济面向的一端,考古则显示了该类产品的文化内涵。它通常包含了知识性、叙事性、场景性的精神内容。所谓知识性将涉及教育、权威、权力批判等几个方面的内涵;叙事性包含文本性、历史秩序性和可阐释性等内容;场景性则通过展演、姿态的造型等凸显。