医疗事故罪客观要件探析

认定医疗事故罪,在客观上首先必须存在合法的医疗行为。其次必须在合法的医疗过程中出现严重不负责任的行为。认定严重不负责任,应当主要结合医务人员的注意义务,把违反常规性、常识性的注意义务,以及常发性的过失行为认定为严重不负责任。再次,严重损害就诊人身体健康应当根据《刑法》所规定的重伤标准去判断。最后,严重不负责任是就诊人死亡或严重损害就诊人身体健康的后果的主要原因力。     

传递性推理心理效应的研究

传递性推理心理效应是指在进行传递性推理时各种因素对做出演绎结论的影响。传递性推理的心理效应主要包括端点锚定效应、系列位置效应、符号距离效应、一致性效应、转换效应、方向效应。深入研究传递性推理中的心理效应有助于进一步揭示传递性推理机制。在未来的传递性推理研究中要高度重视对心理效应的系统研究。     

善意认定的属性及反推技术

善意是对虚假信息传递途径的不知情,它必然与行为相关联,与恶意存在非此即彼的互异关系。善意的判断与过失的判断是两个不同的问题,但基于利益衡量,行为人的重大过失妨碍其善意的成立。由于善意认定方法的综合判断属性及对客观事实的适度超越性、认定结论的弹性化、非验证性以及很难直接以反证推翻的特征,决定了善意认定的法律判断属性。在具体认定过程中,反推技术是一种便捷且有效的方法。     

法律推理视角中的法官自由裁量

法官自由裁量客观存在于法律推理过程中;审判三段论的大前提和小前提分别蕴涵着法官对适用法律和案件事实的自由裁量;在实质法律推理中法官通过价值判断进行自由裁量.     

基于38-plex InDels的青海地区三个族群遗传推断

目的 基于38-plex InDels族群推断体系研究青海地区汉族、回族及撒拉族的族群成分与遗传结构.方法 使用38-plex InDels复合扩增体系检测3个族群的220份样本并获取InDels位点分型,利用主成分分析、STRUCTURE聚类分析及系统发育树综合分析族群之间的遗传关系,使用族群推断软件DAA v1.0...     

Applying Stone in a Western Landscape: Ranchers,Conservationists, and Causal Stories in the “American Serengeti”

As the emergence of nongovernmental conservation efforts generates conflict among various stakeholders, the causal story that each party articulates regarding conservation and the causes of land degradation reflects their unique interests. This study uses existing literature to evaluate causal stories surrounding a contemporary conservation effort: Montana's American Prairie Reserve. Through qualitative review of web‐based documents and newspaper articles, it generates a preliminary account of key stakeholders' causal stories. The case study suggests that parties who might be disadvantaged by ascribing responsibility for environmental harms in an adversarial fashion may instead elect to articulate causal stories that are more neutral than existing approaches might forecast. The study concludes by suggesting that further development of causal story literature may enable it to better address contemporary conservation efforts.     

线条状痕迹在推断工具种类中的应用

线条状痕迹是以凹凸起伏的线条反映工具上的特征的,并且凹凸象相反。工具与物体存在相对位移时,工具上凸起的部位能够形成凹陷的线条、工具上凹陷的部位能够形成凸起的线条。工具表面上的线条状加工花纹,通过压力作用,可以印压在物体表面上并形成线条状痕迹反映。根据线条状痕迹的具体情况,能够在一定程度上推断出形成痕迹的工具种类。     

法律解释合法性的逻辑结构

法律解释合法性问题不同于法律的合法性问题,一个合理化问题,而不是正义论问题。法律解释的合法性结构应当是由形式理性的法律推理、“价值理性”的价值判断和交往理性的社会认同构成的完善的法律——社会过程。     

Popular initiatives in Uruguay: confidence votes on government or political loyalties?

Among stable democracies, Uruguay is one of the most prodigious users of direct democratic devices at the national level. If we analyze the relationship between the share of “yes” votes received by any popular initiative and the share of votes received by politicians who politically supported it, we observe a strikingly high positive correlation of 0.9. Explaining this correlation is the central objective of this paper. Three alternative hypotheses are plausible: First, such a correlation could be a spurious association due to aggregation bias. Second, PI results could be reflections of economic conditions. Third, Uruguayans are extremely consistent in following their political parties' advice. This paper finds that when Uruguayans go to the polls to vote on a popular initiative, their vote choice is primarily the result of their party loyalty, rather than their reaction to economic conditions. In testing my hypotheses I rely on the following statistical methods: King's “Ecological Inference,” multivariate regression, and path analysis. The data come from seven popular initiatives in Uruguay since 1985 (133 observations).