法律的统一对民法法典化的影响

自19世纪以来,大陆法系各国纷纷制定颁布了自己的民法典,掀起了制定民法典的浪潮。然而,在论及制定颁布民法典的原因时,多数学者往往忽视法律的统一这一因素对其的影响。实际上,从大陆法系各主要国家制定颁布民法典的最直接、最现实的目的来看,都是基于对已有分散的法律进行统一的需要。基于同样的原因,英美法系的国家也制定颁布了民事单行法。     

法治视角下的群体性事件——以当前群体性事件的三个热点为例

法的功能在于调节、调和与调解各种错杂和冲突的利益。本文以当前群体性事件的三个热点为例,分析了由于法律缺失和不完善,不依法行政、滥用权力,司法不公及司法权威受损与群体性事件的发生的关系。提出一方面我们应当教育群众通过合法途径保护自身的合法权益,另一方面应通过加强法制建设,约束行政权力、规范行政行为,采取切实可行的政策措施,保护群众的利益不受侵害。     

The GMO food arena in the EU (1998–2001)

A highly politicised arena in the EU has been caused by the 1998 Commission legislative proposal with regard to genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The debate over different interests became more intense. During the EU decision‐making process concerning GMOs, two larger coalitions cutting across institutions and countries waged the fight: one was led by industry and was in favour of GMOs and the other was against and mainly rooted in nongovernmental lobby groups. In mid‐2001, the ‘anti’ movement had gained a (temporary) winning position. In an attempt to explain this, it was concluded that the industrial lobby has been nonchalant in its preparatory work for public affairs management, by not carefully studying the various stakeholders, issues, time developments and the boundaries of this arena. With the benefit of hindsight it can be seen that the industrial lobby itself has missed opportunities and made unforced errors. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications     

论我国立法中"现代商人法"的性质和适用

随着市场经济全球化趋势的不断增强,国际商事关系得到了迅猛的发展,与之相适应,调整这种跨国性商事关系的法律也出现了历史性的变革.现代商人法正是这一变革的产物和表现.我国有关立法中的现代商人法则是实体意义上的法律规范,具有"边缘性"、"自治性"、"综合性"的特点.但是,我国立法中关于现代商人法的规定,无论在含义、性质和适用范围和条件等问题上,在理论界与实践中均存在种种分歧,应在立法中作出更科学、权成的法律解释,以统一认识,使其更有利于调整国际商事关系.     

Putting Local Associations Into their Context. Preliminary Results from a Swiss Study of Local Associations

The paper presents results from the Swiss case of the European comparative project CID (Citizenship, Involvement, Democracy). This project examines the relationship between political institutional assets and civic and political engagement in several Western and Eastern European countries. The paper seeks to investigate how civic engagement can be generated and shaped by a given institutional and political context as well as by a peculiar community size. The central hypothesis is that the context affects the character of local participation. To verify this, the papers examines two different Swiss cantons: the German speaking Canton of Bern and the French speaking Canton of Vaud. Moreover, for each canton, four local communities of different size have been selected. This research design discusses how participation is fostered by a more open political opportunity structure (the German canton), and how this combines with the size of the community.     

从韶关市村委会的构成看农村妇女政治参与

对韶关市村委会构成的抽样调查表明 :村委会构成中妇女比例小且处于配角地位 ,农村妇女政治参与意识弱且与当地经济发展水平无明显因果关系 ;妇女的传统角色定位、指派荐举方式、文化素质、农户独立耕作制度是农村妇女政治参与的障碍。应通过鼓励、政策倾斜及妇联组织介入提高妇女在村委会中的比例 ,调动农村妇女的政治参与热情     

新时期加强高等学校规章制度建设的基本思路

高校规章制度是我国教育法律法规体系的重要补充,规章制度体系的完善是法律法规在高校统一实施的保障。在高等教育格局重大调整基本完成和“入世”的新形势下,加强高校规章制度建设有着重要的现实意义。当前,制定程序不规范、内容不当或违法、适用和解释比较混乱以及结构和技术性差错较多等,是高校规章制度建设工作的主要问题。加强规章制度建设,首先是观念的转变,其次应该规范制定程序以及规章制度的适用和解释,同时还应该加强规章制度清理工作。     

警务社区化:城市治安战略的新变化

文章回顾了近几十年来西方发达国家城市公共安全战略所经历的由街面控制为主转向社区治安为主的变化过程,阐述了城市公共安全管理发展的基本趋势,分析了推行警务社区化的主要目的,探讨了社区警务管理新体制.     

Race and the City: Neighborhood Context and the Development of Generalized Trust

Previous research has indicated that socio-economic and racial characteristics of an individual's environment influence not only group consciousness and solidarity, but also affect his or her views toward minority or majority groups. Missing from this research is a consideration of how context, social interaction, and interracial experiences combine to shape more general psychological orientations such as generalized trust. In this study we address this gap in the literature by conducting a neighborhood-level analysis that examines how race, racial attitudes, social interactions, and residential patterns affect generalized trust. Our findings suggest not only that the neighborhood context plays an important role in shaping civic orientations, but that the diversity of interaction settings is a key condition for the development of generalized trust.     

IPO effects: corporate restructuring when a firm goes public

The public affairs of a firm issuing an initial public offering (IPO) are a critical part of the corporate restructuring efforts which firms face during the process of going public. In this paper, Bowman and Singh's (1993) definition is used to illustrate how issuing an IPO is a significant form of corporate restructuring. Public affairs are critical during both the pre‐IPO phase and during the period leading up to the IPO, as the firm must negotiate a heavily institutionalised process to successfully complete the issue. Here, the six‐year life of ‘Deja News’ is used as a way to illustrate and explain the public affairs during the process of preparing for and issuing an IPO. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications