地方创新性立法的限度及其规范化

地方创新性立法是推进地方治理法治化的重要手段,鼓励地方立法创新是完善我国立法体制的应有之义。为实现地方创新性立法的规范化,应明确地方性事务的判断标准,引入重大事项请示报告制度,加强立法决策量化论证。     

沙门菌实时荧光定量PCR检测试剂盒的研制与应用

根据沙门菌保守的fimY基因序列设计合成了引物和TaqMan探针,建立了快速检测沙门茵的实时荧光定量方法,并对反应条件进行了优化,组装成快速检测试剂盒。通过对临床样品的检测,该试剂盒的检测灵敏度达4．5 CFU(25μL反应体系),比常规PCR高100倍,而且稳定性良好,至少可以冷冻保存9个月。结果表明,所建立的沙门菌实时荧光定量PCR检测试剂盒具有操作简便、快速、特异性强、灵敏度高、重复性好、稳定性强等优点,适于大量样品的检测。     

Errors have been made,others will be blamed: Issue engagement and blame shifting in prime minister speeches during the economic crisis in Europe

This article investigates prime ministers’ communication strategies during the most recent economic crisis in Europe. It argues that when electoral risk is high but governments’ policy options are severely limited, prime ministers will use specific communication strategies to mitigate electoral risks. Two such communication strategies are analysed – issue engagement and blame shifting – by applying state-of-the-art quantitative text analysis methods on 5,553 speeches of prime ministers in nine European Union member states. Evidence is found for both strategies. Prime ministers talk about the economy more in response to both high (domestic) unemployment and low (domestic) gross domestic product growth. Furthermore, it is found that the (domestic) unemployment rate is the most consistent predictor of blame shifting: as the domestic unemployment rate goes up, this is followed by an increase in blame shifting towards banks, Greece and the Troika of the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund.     

网络信息安全犯罪的定量评价困境和突围路径——大数据背景下网络信息量化标准的反思和重构

刑法对网络安全的保护立场,正由网络运行安全转向网络信息安全。刑事立法更新不断增设网络信息安全专属罪名的同时,刑事司法的定量评价体系却未能一体构建,成为网络安全刑法保护的薄弱环节。当前网络信息安全犯罪的定量评价体系缺乏明确的逻辑主线,同时适用错位的“传统法益侵害程度”量化标准和模糊的“数据规模”新型量化标准,无法满足网络信息安全专属罪名司法适用的准确性和统一性需求,导致了司法适用的困境。消弭规范和技术之间的差异,以“信息规模”为定量评价核心的基础上,建构信息价值的分层评价模型,并将“组信息”作为基础的数据规模计量单位,是大数据时代背景下,突破网络信息安全犯罪司法定量评价困境的合理路径。     

Coming out of the shadow? Studies of local governments in Central and Eastern Europe in European academic research

This article is an analysis of the changing role of research on local governments in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) within mainstream European studies. It refers to dependency theory (Wallerstein, Prebish) as applied to scientific research. It classifies CEE as being in the semi-periphery of academic research. The empirical analysis consists of two parts: (1) qualitative review of the most important of the comparative studies of European local governments. It includes a discussion on the role of local governments and researchers from CEE in these studies; (2) quantitative based on an analysis of articles published in international journals and citations for those articles in Scopus. The analysis covers 14 countries (all new member states who joined the EU from 2004 onwards, plus the Balkan countries: Albania, Macedonia, and Serbia).     

Public Service Motivation,Organizational Social Capital,and Knowledge Sharing in the Korean Public Sector

This article investigates whether public service motivation (PSM) and organizational social capital predict knowledge sharing in the public sector. The hypothesized relationships in the proposed model are verified with the online survey data of 506 public employees in Korea. The test results show that the two dimensions of PSM (attraction to public service and commitment to public values) and the trust component of organizational social capital are both positively related to knowledge sharing in the Korean public sector, and that the associability component of organizational social capital is indirectly associated with knowledge sharing through its influence on PSM. The article discusses the ways that PSM and organizational social capital may contribute to overcome the social dilemma of knowledge sharing in public organizations. It also suggests that there is need for further research on the individual dimensions of the PSM construct.     

检察机关廉政文化建设的路径探索

检察机关廉政文化建设是一项系统性工程。目前,检察机关的廉政文化建设在工作机制、工作载体等方面相对薄弱,因此,应借鉴国内外廉政文化建设的先进经验,围绕廉政文化建设的量化指标,探索一条适合检察机关廉政文化建设的具体路径。     

论我国中小企业界定标准的完善

为了扶植中小企业发展，各国均制定有促进中小企业发展的法律政策，这些法律政策首先要解决的问题就是对扶持对象——中小企业进行科学的界定。我国目前中小企业划分标准在实施中遇到了一些问题，应该采取定性和定量标准相结合的方式，重新界定小企业的内涵，简化中小企业的划分指标，细化中小企业划分标准，并将中小企业界定标准覆盖到全部第三产业。     

论矛盾转化中量变积累的形式与条件

矛盾转化是唯物辩证法的重要范畴。转化是质变,但有其量变积累,没有“渐进过程”,就不会有“中断”。探讨转化的量变积累的各种表现形式和条件,对于深化理解矛盾转化范畴的内涵具有重要意义。     

GC/MS和GC法定性定量分析可卡因

目的建立用于可卡因案件检验鉴定的GC和GC/MS定性、定量分析方法。方法通过选择和优化,建立GC、GC/MS法检验可卡因的最佳分析条件;用分别含0.6mg/ml地西泮为内标的0.10、0.20、0.40、0.60、0.80、1.00、1.20mg/ml可卡因标准品乙醇液,考察线性范围和方法检测限。结果分析方法线性方程:GC/FID,Y=1.055X-0.0021,R2=0.9999,GC/NPD,Y=0.556X-0.0016,R2=0.9996;可卡因检测限:GC/FID法10ng,GC/NPD法2ng;分别以所建GC/FID、GC/NPD分析方法和内标法对案件中缴获的可卡因毒品进行定量分析,结果为72%±2.3%,且两方法定量重现性良好。结论本文所建方法可以用于可卡因涉毒案件的检验鉴定。