关于贯彻执行新《刑事诉讼法》取保候审强制措施的思考

修改后的《刑事诉讼法》赋予公安机关更多法律手段和抓手执行取保候审的相关规定,也对公安机关贯彻执行取保候审有关规定提出了新的更高的要求.公安机关应当运用好相关手段、措施,正确、规范、有效地实施新《刑事诉讼法》.     

调查与思考:取保候审的法律实务

司法实践中,由于立法不尽完善,以及执法中的一些问题,取保候审还存在着一些亟待解决的问题。对取保候审适用不当产生的原因进行分析,进而提出完善取保候审这一刑事强制措施的途径。     

Bail and Pretrial Release Decisions

Abstract

The racial threat perspective is tested using data from empirical studies of bail and pretrial release. Of the thirty empirical studies investigating race and bail/pretrial release, eighteen identified specific cities and counties, thereby permitting an examination of the effect of racial composition on the race and bail/pretrial release nexus. Results suggest a possible modification of the racial threat perspective as typically conceptualized. Other factors affecting this relationship are briefly discussed.     

Race as a Factor in the Judicial Decision of Bail Amount in a Midwestern Jurisdiction

Abstract

Data collected on all felony defendants during 1996 from a district court in a Midwestern county were examined for racial differences in the setting of bail. While we hypothesized that African Americans would receive higher bail amounts than whites, we found no independent effect of race on bail amounts either before or after applying controls for legal variables-seriousness of offense and prior arrests-and extralegal variables-sex, age, residency, and type of attorney. Thus, we were compelled to reject our hypothesis. Seriousness of offense and the interaction between offense seriousness and race were statistically significant in the regressions.     

借鉴保释制度完善我国取保候审制度

国外立法中与我国刑事诉讼法规定的取保候审制度相对应的是保释制度,这一制度已成为各国刑事诉讼过程中的一项重要制度。由于各国所推崇的刑事诉讼理念的不同,对保释制度的立法态度也存在差异。我国要借鉴英美国家保释制度,对现有的取保候审制度进行立法和诉讼理念两个层次的改革。     

完善我国取保候审制度的几点思考

取保候审作为一种非羁押性的强制措施,在保证司法机关有效地行使司法权力,保障刑事诉讼的顺利进行方面发挥着重要作用。但由于取保候审制度在立法上的局限性和当前我国诉讼理念的滞后等原因,导致其在适用中出现许多问题。保释制度作为保障受刑事追诉之人的人身权利和辩护权利的制度,为我国取保候审制度的改革提供了许多可借鉴之处。     

对英国保释制度的考察与借鉴

英国作为保释制度的发源地，从其产生、发展到形成、完善．历经百年风雨曲折。时至今日，这一制度仍然焕发着勃勃生机，无论是法律规范、还是运行实效都无可争论地处于世界法治国家前列，其发展趋势也在相当程度上代表了保释制度未来改革的世界方向。同时。保释制度更是以自由保障和无罪推定为理论基础、体现着维持控辩平等、提高诉讼效益的价值追求。其对我国的取保候审制度未来的完善与发展具有参考价值。     

我国取保候审制度法律规定若干问题研究

取保候审制度具有人权保障、诉讼保障和诉讼效益等功能,已经广泛适用于我国司法实践。取保候审制度目前存在着决定主体自由裁量权过大、保证金数额规定不科学、期限规定不合理、缺乏有效的监督制约机制、缺少相应的法律救济程序等问题。欲完善取保候审制度,需要明确取保候审的适用条件,规范保证金的收取数额,明确取保候审的审查期限,加强对取保候审的监督制约,完善取保候审的救济程序。     

我国审前羁押制度的不足与完善

我国当前的审前羁押制度并不完善，既未确立适用该制度的法律规则体系，也缺乏与之相适应的监督、救济机制，以至于其在具体适用中存在羁押率过高、超期羁押现象屡禁不绝等顽症。应当从加强控制、引入保释制度、建立健全监督、审查机制等方面对审前羁押制度进行完善。     

Policing and Crime Act 2017: Changes to pre-charge bail and the impact on digital forensic analysis

Following the enactment of the Police and Crime Act 2017, subsequent amendments to the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 have seen a ‘cap’ placed on the length of time a suspect can be released on bail; a process commonly referred to as ‘police bail’ or ‘pre-charge bail’. Whilst designed to instil consistency and certainty into bail processes to prevent individuals being subject to lengthy periods of regulation and uncertainty, it places additional pressures on forensic services. With a focus on digital forensics, examination of digital media is a complex and time-consuming process, with existing backlogs well documented. The need for timely completion of investigations to adhere to pre-charge bail rules places additional stress on an already stretched service. This comment submission provides an initial analysis of new pre-charge bail regulations, assessing their impact on digital forensic services.