面部整容术对颅像重合的影响分析

颅像重合法对身源不明的颅骨个体识别已在国内开展二十余年,其依据是对送检的失踪人照片面部软组织与颅骨之间标志点、线的对应量度关系做出是否同一人的认定。经多年观察总结面部整容术的方法、部位及形态与颅像重合标志点、线量度间的影响问题,对于人群中是否有部分人是面部整容术后的面像判断,提出相关专业人员的鉴定分析方法。     

Gender-specific differences – first results from a survey on dental surgery

This study focuses on dental surgery from the perspective of practicing dentists through a nationwide survey among practicing dentists in Germany. Subjects were surveyed with respect to patient care and their training in dental surgery. With respect to surgical activity, this survey confirms male dominance in the field and that female dentists may be inclined grade surgical interventions as ‘complicated and risky’. Male dentists appear to be willing to take the same risks with greater self-confidence, whereas female dentists appear to overrate their personal uncertainty by underestimating their real technical capabilities. Though dental treatment in general is increasingly dominated by women, surgery is still dominated by male dentists. This can be viewed through observed gender differences with respect to risk perception and we advocate additional professional training of risk competence as mandatory for the future.     

Shining a light on the grey zones of gender construction: breast surgery in France and Italy

This article analyses the areas of overlap between cosmetic surgery and reconstructive surgery, using the examples of both female and male breast surgery, and shows that these areas of overlap are sites of the construction of gendered bodies. The data are drawn from two pieces of research: the first based on 17 in-depth interviews with Italian cosmetic surgeons and the second based on 99 interviews with breast cancer patients and medical oncological professionals conducted in France and Italy. The primary data are supplemented by an analysis of the medical literature. ‘Too small’ female breasts (micromastia) and male gynecomastia (male fatty breast tissue) are pathologised by the surgeons and the medical literature, and a surgical intervention is presented as a way to heal this pathology. The pathologisation of healthy breasts goes along with the aestheticisation of oncological breast surgery. The interventions performed during a post-mastectomy breast reconstruction are guided by normative ideas of how a female body should be. The gender norms inscribed in this surgery practice can however be contested by patients: they can ask for a breast reconstruction while refusing all forms of ‘enhancement’.     

东亚区域的文化共性探析——以日本茶道和谐美的考察为中心

区域一体化是集经济一体化、政治一体化、社会规范化和文化均质化于一身的综合进程,这一进程起步于经济领域,外溢于政治、防务和社会领域,但将终结于文化领域.重新审视、追溯东亚区域文化的源流,寻求东亚区域各国的文化共性,对于促进东亚区域的和平、繁荣,有着积极的现实意义.本文将以日本茶道为例,探讨东亚和谐思想的共性.     

Lessons from “Around the world with Oprah”: Neoliberalism,race, and the (geo)politics of beauty

On 6 October 2004, viewers went “Around the world with Oprah” and received a rare glimpse inside the lives of 30-year-old women from 17 different countries. When Oprah turned her gaze (and that of middle-class American housewives) eastward, she highlighted South Korean women's penchart for plastic surgery. Oprah's “trip” to South Korea is emblematic of Western discourse surrounding South Korean Women's plastic surgery consumption, most of which focuses on cosmetic eyelid surgery or the sangapul procedure as it is called in South Korea. Given its widespread popularity, the sangapul procedure has come to signify South Korean women's acquiescence to not only patriarchal oppression but racial oppression as well. This essay goes beyond the psychologization of South Korean women in order to ask what such psychological musings obscure about the very political nature of beauty itself. Using “Around the world with Oprah” as a starting point, then, this essay examines beauty at the intersection of race, technology, and (geo)politics in order to show that, in an era of neoliberalism, plastic surgery is often rationalized as an investment in the self towards a more normal, if not better future. As this essay suggests, such a framing of plastic surgery is contingent on Oprah's production of neoliberal feminism based on liberal notions of choice. Given her global reach, these neoliberal feminist subjects are not produced equally, however, but are discursively constructed along a First World/Third World divide.     

关于人性中美与丑的辩证思考

本文从《人性论》中美与丑的理论出发,以独特的审美视角和辩证的态度,联系文学作品中形态各异的美与丑作为例子,在上升至精神与信仰的高度阐述对美的诠释。     

心外科手术后死亡医疗纠纷尸检分析

目的从尸检角度讨论心外科手术后死亡的死因及诊疗缺陷。方法按临床诊断、手术类型、死亡时间、死亡特点、尸检特点、纠纷特点、诊疗缺陷等方面,比较所选案例的临床、尸检资料特点。结果心瓣膜置换手术4例,冠心病冠脉搭桥手术1例,先心病大动脉转位手术1例。心肌梗死2例,心肌广泛损伤1例。心内膜感染2例,多器官功能衰竭1例。家属怀疑诊疗不当6例。诊疗缺陷主要为手术适应证、手术时机,手术器材的选用,手术操作,术后病情观察、处理不及时,对病情严重程度、手术风险及预后的告知不充分。结论尸检不仅能查明死因,还可帮助评价手术质量、术后处理的诊疗质量,对解决纠纷具有重要的辅助作用。     

女性在整形美容实践中的角色分析

随着经济的繁荣与医学的发展,整形美容业在我国悄然走俏,并逐渐成为一种普遍的大众消费形式.尽管整容导致毁容的事件频频出现,广大爱芙女性仍不改初衷,前赴后继地加入"整形美容战"中.然而,女性在这场没有硝烟的战争中扮演着何种角色?对此大致有两种对立的观点:被动受害者和主动行动者.整容看似是一种自我的积极改变,本质却是通过"自残"抵抗自己无力改变的命运,因此广大女性应理性地看待这一行为,做出科学合理的决断.     

论礼仪教师的外在形象美

礼仪教育工作的特殊性要求礼仪教师不仅具有内在美,更要注意自己的外在形象美,要从仪容服饰、言谈举止等方面塑造自己的外在形象,体现出礼仪教师的审美情趣和道德情操,给学生以美的熏陶和感染。