Policing built environment crime risks: the role of police in CPTED in New South Wales,Australia*

Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) is now routinely adopted in many parts of the world. The role assumed by police in CPTED practices has however received limited academic attention. Through an analysis of available documentation and interviews with local government planners from 10 Sydney councils, this article provides a (partial) understanding of the historical and contemporary roles police have played in the development and implementation of CPTED guidelines in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. It is argued that the NSW Police Force was a pivotal driver of the introduction of planning guidelines to ensure crime risks are considered when new developments are being planned. However, the ongoing contribution of police appears to have waned, largely due to administrative, practical and operational realities. These findings have relevance for ongoing CPTED practice and the work of specialist policing roles more generally.     

基于犯罪预防的城市规划研究与启示

首先分析我国当前城市安全问题以及环境设计预防犯罪手段的缺失,提出城市安全需求下通过城市规划研究与设计来预防犯罪的必要性和可行性。在此基础上,对比国内外有关环境设计预防犯罪研究开展及应用状况,分析国内在该领域研究的不足,提出未来我国城市规划在犯罪预防研究方向的发展建议。     

环境设计预防犯罪理论（CPTED）的溯源及评析

美国犯霏学家C．雷·杰弗瑞（c．Ray Jeffery）首创了CPTED这个术语，之后又发展了CPTED理论，从大处着眼，强调多策并举的综合性预防犯罪措施。而今天的CPTED理论主要是指纽曼（Newmanl或者克罗（Crowe）模式，主要从小处入手，以环境设计威慑犯罪来达到预防犯罪目的。经过40年的发展，该理论日臻成熟和完善，有了第2代CPTED，并由美国走向了世界。对CPTED理论的赞誉之词颇多，但批评之声也从来不绝于耳。唯有全面审视其评价，才能对CPTED有一个客观的认识。