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变性人在就业、教育、医疗保险等很多领域遭受歧视,本文分析变性人在这些领域遭受的歧视。对于如何解决歧视问题,需要各种政策和措施,尤其需要政府予以立法来保护变性人的权利。 相似文献
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Maria Petmesidou Emmanuele Pavolini Ana M. Guillén 《South European society & politics》2014,19(3):331-352
This article addresses the question of whether the economic crisis provides a politically opportune time to drastically curtail public healthcare in South Europe or whether, instead, there are signs of longer-term reform strategies for potentially balancing fiscal targets with the quest for enhanced value and health outcomes, when eventually growth resumes. After a brief examination of the profile of healthcare systems in Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain prior to the crisis, we comparatively assess the mix of retrenchment, restructuring and recalibration strategies. The effects of the austerity-driven reforms on current (and expected) health outcomes are also briefly analysed. We conclude with reflections on the future of public healthcare in South Europe. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTPublic satisfaction with healthcare systems is an important dimension of healthcare legitimacy. The paper analyzes how satisfaction with healthcare systems depended upon the economic situation of our respondents during and after the economic recession in the Baltic states. The results show that there were no differences in public satisfaction with healthcare between better and worse off people in Estonia (except in 2009). In Lithuania, however, satisfaction among the economically better off was higher compared to other groups between 2008 and 2014. In Latvia, inequality in satisfaction between groups in different economic situations became significant from 2010. 相似文献
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我国对医疗侵权诉讼的举证责任分配方式进行了几次重要的修改,从而出现了医疗侵权构成要件举证责任分配的流变,大体分成了三个阶段,每个阶段的医疗举证责任都有很大的改变,笔者就每个阶段的医疗举证责任特点进行详细的阐述并分析其中转变的原因。同时,笔者就《侵权责任法》对医疗举证责任的修改进行了评析并给出自己的司法解释建议。 相似文献
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Using a two-level structural equation approach, this article investigates the links between organizational climate and work engagement in a sample of public hospitals in Italy. Drawing from the Job Demands-Resources model, the model posits a positive association between work engagement and a climate promoting worker’s autonomy, empowerment, and well-being, whereas it suggests that a climate based on efficiency and goal attainment is not favorable for engagement. Results support the hypotheses and suggest that performance based models implemented in recent years as part of public sector reforms are not conducive to engaged workers. Implications for research on work engagement in the public sector and for public management are drawn. 相似文献
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【问题】患者普遍偏好在三级医院就诊,而三级医院对患者的“虹吸效应”直接影响了医疗服务体系的运行效率。差异化报销的医保政策干预成为各地推行“分级诊疗”的普遍手段。虽然三级医院的“虹吸效应”已经得到学界的普遍关注,成为医改领域的热点研究问题,但现有相关研究还主要停留在理论探讨层面。而且,医保政策干预作为分级诊疗推动措施究竟能够发挥多大作用,在实证方面还缺乏足够的文献支持。【方法】文章基于A市的医疗保险数据,使用固定效应等研究方法,对三级医院的“虹吸效应”和医保政策干预效果进行了分析。【发现】三级医院对使用社会医疗保险患者的门诊就医选择有“虹吸效应”,每10万人配备的三级医院数量每增加1家,赴三级医院门诊就医的患者比例就提高5.8%。“虹吸”的主要对象来自二级医院而非一级及以下医疗机构的患者群体。“虹吸效应”存在异质性:无慢性病群体、高收入者、儿童更容易被三级医院“虹吸”。医保政策干预能够缓解“虹吸效应”,且对“小病、常见病”的影响程度更大,可以有效引导把价格敏感的患者向基层医院分流。【贡献】文章从实证上检验了三级医院对需求方的“虹吸效应”及其程度,首次揭示了中国二级医院的“夹心层”困境;通过检验医保政策干预对“虹吸效应”的效果,为医保补偿政策推动分级诊疗提供了新的经验证据。文章对于推动分级诊疗、优化医疗资源配置具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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《社会福利与家庭法律杂志》2012,34(3):311-327
Drawing on a set of 210 qualitative interviews conducted in six European countries, this paper investigates the citizenship status and experiences of retired EU migrants at both national and European levels. The paper focuses upon the experiences of two types of respondents: 'Retired Migrants' (retired nationals of one EU country who moved on retirement and reside in another EU host state) and 'Returnees', that is, those migrants who have chosen to return to their country of origin after a period of residence abroad. In particular, this paper will attempt to explore three issues: (a) The extent to which retired migrants have access to, and make use of, the public healthcare systems of the countries in which they reside. (b) Retired migrants' perceptions and experiences of those systems. (c)Whether or not a lack of access to and/or the quality of public healthcare is an important determinant of return migration decisions, i.e. moves back to the country of origin. By focusing on healthcare the paper combines an analysis of the formal welfare rights available to EU citizens who migrate on retirement (both in terms of their EU rights and their status in the receiving and exporting countries) with qualitative evidence that documents the substantive reality of such rights. 相似文献
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The present study evaluated racial differences in battered women’s experiences and preferences for treatment from physicians
when seeking help for abuse-related issues. Prior research revealed unexpected findings that African American women rated
certain physician behaviors related to victim blaming and expression of sympathy for the male partner less negatively than
White women. The present study found that when potential confounders, such as source of care, education level, and income
were controlled, racial differences in approval ratings of physician behaviors almost disappeared. Only one physician behavior—blaming
the patient for the abuse—differentiated the two groups. However, despite racial differences, both groups rated the behavior
negatively. Other findings were that, overall, African American women are more likely than White women to seek abuse-related
health care from emergency and urgent care settings and have fewer preferences for the race of their physician provider. Both
White and African American women preferred to see a female physician. Implications of these findings for future research are
discussed. 相似文献
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