殖民义化色彩下的“另类热”

二十世纪末中国文坛出现的诸如卫慧、棉棉、安妮宝贝等人的“另类”女性写作现象,引起广大读者的热忱关注,从而盛行一时,形成一股“另类热”。从传播与接受的角度看,另类热出现的原因,是现代传媒的影响与读者的猎奇逆反心理、全球化的语境与消费主义观念的盛行,“另类”作品中浓厚的殖民文化色彩与“另类”生活的展示等方面环环相扣、因因相袭、共同促生了卫慧、棉棉等的“另类热”。     

Economic incentives for the self-regulation of the release of price-sensitive information

Companies, as primary disseminators of information, and financial institutions, as major recipients, have economic incentives to self-regulate the transmission and usage of price-sensitive information. These include increased (lost) reputation costs and adverse share price penalties arising from poor management of information disclosure. The economic motivation for self-regulation is seen as conceptually linked to but distinct from legislative changes. Self-regulation has the strong support of economic efficiency arguments, whereas recent additional new legislative changes do not. This article examines a major corporate and institutional response to the new regulatory climate—to internalize part of the regulatory process during their regular relationship communications. Relationships between the case companies and institutions already exist for transaction purposes. They are used as a convenient and low-cost means to pursue self-regulation and to avoid errors of price-sensitive information release. This self-regulatory process is illustrated using case material. It is clear from the response pattern presented that the development of a self-regulatory framework by the parties has been an iterative one. The corporate and institutional systems that have been evolving seem to be significantly influenced by the regulatory trends. The regulatory changes appear to have played a role in increasing market costs incurred by those companies with poor stock market communication practices. The article ends by arguing that new proposals to change in the formal regulatory system should recognize that further legislation is unlikely to improve the poor prosecution record. Nevertheless, legislative changes can combine with and buttress the self-regulation process to create an effective regulatory system.     

Drugs in motorists traveling Swedish roads: on-the-road-detection of intoxicated drivers and screening for drugs in these offenders

This paper deals with the police officer's or police doctor's ability to find drivers under the influence of drugs. We have also studied whether the protocol on the driver's previous histories of drug intake is useful for directing the chemist in his analytical approach to revealing intoxicants in the suspects' body fluids. A comprehensive procedure for screening traffic-hazardous drugs in the urine was found necessary and is described. By using this method, we have studied the incidence of drunken drivers with detectable medicinal or illicit agents. The results demonstrate that 91% of those drivers found by the officer or doctor of the police to be on intoxicants other than ethanol, carried some kind of traffic-hazardous drug in their body fluids, and that the doctor was a better judge than the police in identifying these offenders. By using a series of chemical methods for drug screening, we found that every third driver suspected of drunken driving due to ethanol, but not to other intoxicants, held some kind of a traffic-hazardous drug substance in his urine; benzodiazepines and cannabinoids were the most common findings. The data imply that 34% of these suspects revealed their intakes of traffic-dangerous intoxicants. We conclude that the judgements of both the officer and doctor of the police are needed for an efficacious detection of drivers under the influence of drugs. Moreover, the results infer that the chemist has to screen for intoxicants to reveal these in a suspect driver. We also conclude that drugs, particularly the benzodiazepines or cannabinoids, may be commonly encountered in drunken drivers, suspected of being inebriated by ethanol but no other toxicants.     

Talking about radicalization

ABSTRACT

This article seeks to build a bridge between the criminological tradition of research on hard-to-reach groups and sensitive topics and the tradition of critical research on radicalization. As a result of the hard-to-reach character of so-called radicals themselves, the article analyzes interview experiences with ‘professionals’ working within the prevention of radicalization and other actors. This article discusses the experiences connected to the preparation and unfolding of the interviews on the sensitive topic of radicalization and illustrates how interviews and questions designed to gather knowledge about radicalization processes among Muslims in Denmark often became a discussion about the concept of radicalization itself. This article shows that making use of the concept of radicalization is problematic in interviews as it is embedded in the Danish political discourse on immigration, Muslims and Islam. This article reflects on researcher positionality and how being a white ethnic Danish researcher might have caused an underestimation of how problematic the concept is to people directly involved with it, and that speaking from such a researcher positionality also can make the concept of radicalization seem even more problematic.     

“Flashburning” — Interpreting the presence of heat damage to a suspect's clothing and footwear in the investigation of fires

When volatile flammable vapours are released, they can mix with surrounding air and form a vapour cloud. Ignition of this fuel/air mixture will produce a flame front that will flash through the vapour. Items exposed to the flame front, including a suspect's clothing and footwear, may sustain superficial heat damage. At The Forensic Science Service Ltd this is referred to as flashburning. This paper describes the concept of flashburning, the laboratory methodology used to identify it and how an assessment on the overall distribution of that damage may allow a scientist to evaluate its evidential significance. Two anonymised casework examples are used to demonstrate how this information has been interpreted and used in evidence in United Kingdom courts of law.     

复方麝香注射液联合羚羊角汤治疗痰热内闭清窍型脑出血26例

目的 观察复方麝香注射液联合羚羊角汤治疗痰热内闭清窍型脑出血的临床疗效。方法 将52例脑出血患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各26例。对照组接受常规西药治疗,治疗组在常规西药治疗的基础上加用复方麝香注射液联合羚羊角汤治疗,疗程2周。观察并比较两组临床疗效;治疗前后分别观察两组患者中医症状积分及血浆热休克蛋白-70（heat shock proteins 70,HSP70）水平。结果 两组临床疗效的分布比较,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,治疗组临床疗效显著优于对照组。与治疗前比较,治疗后两组中医症状积分均显著降低（P<0.05）,血浆HSP70水平均显著升高（P＜0.05）,治疗组治疗后中医症状积分降低值和血浆HSP70升高值显著大于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 复方麝香注射液和羚羊角汤联合常规西药治疗痰热内闭清窍型脑出血疗效较好,尤其在改善中医症状积分和血浆HSP70水平方面较常规西药具有明显优势。     

Erasable ink; something old, something new

Writing made with the Frixion ® rollerball pen by Pilot ® can be made colourless using the eraser incorporated in each pen. The heat generated by the friction between eraser and paper decolourises the ink and other sources of heat have a similar effect. The original colour of the ink is restored by cooling it to a temperature below 20 °C.     

Intangible heritage: traditional medicine and knowledge governance

Legal context: Although traditional medicine constitutes a component part ofthe identity of the cultural communities concerned, this formof intangible cultural heritage is vulnerable in a globalizingworld where little place is left for the protection of beliefsystems. Key points: While much has been written on traditional knowledge and IPrights, less scholarly attention has focused on the culturaldimension of traditional medicine. Further, no solution hasbeen reached on the best way to ensure its protection. Thiscontribution attempts to establish a linkage between differentsectors of international law, addressing the complex interplaybetween traditional medicine, intended as a special form ofintangible cultural heritage, and international knowledge governance. While the TRIPS Agreement adopts only proprietary approachesto knowledge governance, it has been questioned whether, inthe case of pharmaceuticals, other non-proprietary approacheswould be preferable. Different approaches will be put forwardand the Draft Treaty on Medical Research and Development willbe considered. This would provide a better framework for safeguardingand diffusing traditional medicine. Practical significance: Protecting and promoting traditional medicine may help curingdiseases spread all over the world. Thus, beyond its culturalaspects, the practical importance of traditional medicine liesin its capacity to promote the right to health and human dignity.     

The causes of death in fire victims

In 169 consecutive cases of autopsied fire victims about 50% had lethal levels of carboxyhemoglobin. Soot in the respiratory tract was found in about 90% of the cases. The age distribution of the fire victims showed significantly less persons in the 15-35-year group than should be expected according to the age distribution of the population, presumably due to greater agility of younger people. More than half of the fire victims had alcohol in the blood exceeding 0.05%, and alcohol intoxication should be considered accessary to many deaths in fire. The characteristic biphasic distribution of carboxyhemoglobin in fire victims together with other observations suggest that the principal causes of death are carbon monoxide followed by carbon dioxide poisoning and/or oxygen deficiency, while the influence of heat is considered to be of minor importance.     

大鼠支气管哮喘模型的心肌HSP70表达研究

目的探讨支气管哮喘心肌组织的损害机制,为支气管哮喘诱发的猝死的法医学诊断提供形态学依据。方法应用HE和免疫组化技术,对大鼠支气管哮喘模型的心肌HSP70的表达规律进行研究。结果实验组的心肌HSP70阳性表达明显高于对照组(P<0.01),随着哮喘时间的延续,心肌HSP70的阳性表达逐渐增强(P<0.05),在第8周表达最强。结论实验组支气管哮喘早期心肌有损害,且随时间延续,损害增强。HSP70对支气管哮喘诱发的猝死的法医学诊断有一定的帮助。