A Silver‐Stain Modification of Standard Histological Slide Preparation for Use in Anthropology Analyses

The traditional histology method typically employed by forensic anthropologists involves plastic embedding of undecalcified bone. The embedded sample is then cut by a diamond blade saw and ground to the required thickness of ~50–100 microns using a grinder. There are several limitations to this method: Cement lines may be blurred; depth‐of‐field artifacts may result from viewing thick sections; and medicolegal offices with limited budgets may not be able to invest in additional equipment or training for this method. A silver nitrate stain modification of the standard histology preparation technique of decalcified bone is presented. The benefits of this technique are that: Cement lines are viewed clearly; no depth‐of‐field artifacts are present; and because this is a modification of the standard technique used by histology laboratories typically employed by medicolegal offices, no additional equipment or training is required.     

ThePolitical TricksofAbe

正Japan’s leader hopes to salvage his power by way of an early election Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe dissolved the House of Representatives,or the lower house in the country’s bicameral parliament,on November 21.A consequent snap election will be held on December 14,two years ahead of schedule.In recent months,the Japanese economy has continued to slide and entered a technical     

MODSE模型的生理生化学及组织形态学研究

目的　探讨老年多器官功能障碍综合征 (multipleorgandysfunctionsyndromeintheelderly ,MODSE)的生理生化指标及组织形态学变化特点及其意义。方法　本实验采用盲肠结扎穿孔术 (cecalligationpuncture ,CLP)制作MODSE模型和青年多器官功能障碍综合征 (multipleorgandysfunctionsyndrome ,MODS)模型 ,并设立与以上两种模型相应的假手术对照组和未加任何处理的对照组 ;分别于术后 6,12 ,2 4,48和 72h监测生理生化学指标并同时采用常规HE染色法对各重要器官 (心、脑、肺、肝和肾 )的组织形态学变化进行研究。结果　MODSE组在 6h左右就可以观察到器官功能受到损害 ,2 4h左右达高峰且持续的时间很长 ( 72h还持续存在 ) ,而MODS组则在 2 4h左右才会出现器官功能受损且受损严重程度较MODSE组轻微 ,48h达高峰。结论　MODSE模型的器官功能障碍发生率较高 ,其器官结构与功能的损害发生亦较早而且严重 ,此结果为多器官功能衰竭死亡的法医学鉴定提供一定的实验依据。     

五叶木通藤茎三萜皂苷类成分分布规律研究

目的 探究五叶木通藤茎中三萜皂苷类成分的分布积累规律,为进一步研究五叶木通提供依据。方法 采用植物解剖学和组织化学定位方法,对五叶木通藤茎中三萜皂苷类成分进行显色反应;以木通苯乙醇苷B、齐墩果酸、常春藤皂苷元作为活性成分指标,采用高效液相色谱法测定五叶木通不同组织、不同直径中3种活性成分含量。结果 五叶木通藤茎的次生维管组织所占比例与直径成正比,各组织中均有三萜皂苷类成分分布,活性成分在直径小于0.9 cm的藤茎中分布较多,主要集中在次生木质部、皮层及次生韧皮部。结论 五叶木通藤茎中三萜皂苷类成分的分布具有一定规律,可作为五叶木通质量评价的依据。     

DNA extraction and STR profiling from histological slides

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks are commonly used in the field of pathology and forensic pathology as a source of histological slides. For postmortem kinship analysis or identification, DNA can be extracted from blocks with specialized kits. However, when an STR profile should be generated from single microscope slides, the removal of the coverslip and the limited sample size poses unique challenges. We aimed to test the effectivity of agitated xylene incubation to dissolve the mounting material to facilitate the coverslip removal. DNA extraction tests were performed on 5- to 7-year-old histological slides. Xylol was used to dissolve the mounting medium to facilitate cover slide removal, one set of samples was shaken during incubation, and the other set was left still. It was found that shaking the sample while bathed in xylol decreased the incubation time from three days to two days. Agitation not just reduced the processing time but increased the quality of acquired STR profiles: on average 30% more alleles were detected from the shaken samples compared to the still bathed ones.     

Forensic fluid dynamics and the Indian Spring (1991) cave collapse problem

Nof and Paldor (Safety Sci 2010;48:607-14) suggested that resonance in the air pockets in the Indian Spring cavern might have contributed to the 1991 collapse. Here, we extend the resonance theory to one pocket in the cavern and a very broad basin that serves as the other branch of the U-tube. Our methodology is to apply familiar fluid dynamics principles to the situation that occurred in the cave. We did so on the basis of our interviews with four of the five surviving cave divers. We dissected their testimonies to arrive at a physically plausible scenario determined on the basis of a fluid dynamics application to the natural flow in the cave, the flow induced by the compressed air released by the divers and the mudslide. We found that there was a temporary flow blocking during the collapse, but no total flow reversal within the cave.     

咳喘速平颗粒剂对慢性支气管炎大鼠支气管和肺形态学的影响

目的:观察咳喘速平颗粒剂对慢性支气管炎大鼠的气管、肺组织形态学变化的影响.方法:采用气管内注入脂多糖复制大鼠慢性支气管炎模型,分模型组、阳性对照组、咳喘速平(小)组、咳喘速平(大)组.结果:模型组可见支气管上皮大面积坏死、脱落,细支气管管腔扩大,管壁及其周围见大量淋巴细胞浸润,部分肺泡间隔断离呈肺气肿改变.阳性对照组可见支气管上皮细胞少量坏死脱落,管壁与周围淋巴细胞浸润,管腔无明显扩张,肺泡上皮完整,无明显病理改变.咳喘速平(小)组可见支气管上皮细胞片状坏死、脱落,伴上皮细胞灶性增生,管壁增厚伴大量淋巴细胞浸润.咳喘速平(大)组可见支气管上皮细胞基本完好,无明显的坏死和增生,伴少量的淋巴细胞浸润.5组之间支气管黏膜坏死(炎性浸润)存在显著性差异(P<0.01).结论:咳喘速平颗粒剂可减轻大鼠慢性支气管炎的临床表现,形态学检查显示用药后受损的支气管黏膜上皮和肺组织趋向好转,表明咳喘速平颗粒剂对大鼠慢性支气管炎具有较好的治疗作用.