美国和欧盟正在分道扬镳吗?--关于文化的概念及文化差异的思考

文化可以定义为一个成规系统,借助这一概念,可以将文化区分为不同的类别,从而清晰地描述和阐释两种或几种文化之间的同异。在伊拉克战争中的不同表现,凸显了美国与欧盟文化层面上的歧异,有学者将之归结为具有"现代"与"后现代"特征的战略文化之间的不同,这种观点值得进一步辨析。文化成规不是一成不变的,美国与欧盟的战略文化也必将随着全球语境的变化而变化。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">The Daily Show with Jon Stewart</Emphasis> and Audience Attitude Change During the 2004 Party Conventions

The intention of this analysis is to examine The Daily Show with Jon Stewart’s coverage of politics and assess the persuasive power of the program’s unique brand of humor. Evidence from a content analysis of The Daily Show’s “Indecision 2004” coverage of the Democratic and Republican Party Conventions shows the program’s humor was much harsher during the Republican Convention than it was during the Democratic Convention. While the humor in both conventions was heavily based on self-deprecation and the exploitation of conventional political stereotypes, the ridicule of Republicans focused much more on policy and character flaws. Humor pointed toward Democrats, on the other hand, tended to focus more on innocuous physical attributes. Analysis of panel data collected by the National Annenberg Election Survey during the 2004 national party conventions shows that exposure to The Daily Show’s convention coverage was associated with increased negativity toward President Bush and Vice-President Dick Cheney. These relationships remain significant even when controlling for partisan identification and ideology. Attitudes toward the Democratic ticket, John Kerry and John Edwards remained consistent.     

论“TRIPS-递增”协定在WIPO公约体系和WTO法律框架下的制度空间与适用关系

“TRIPS-递增”协定是后TRIPS时代发达国家向发展中国家输送其知识产权保护标准的主要法律形态。此类协定可能影响发展中国家公共政策目标的实现，缩减这些国家利用WTO/TRIPS框架下的变通性规定促进其发展的自由选择空间。但是，在WIPO公约体系和WTO法律框架下，“TRIPS-递增”协定具有其存在的制度空间和正当理由。因此，发展中国家一方面要根据一般国际法的相关规定，认识和处理“TRIPS-递增”协定与WTO框架公约和WTO／TRIPS协议的关系，另一方面要通过联合抵制或“体制转向”阻止“TRIPS-递增”知识产权保护标准的扩张。     

乡规民约的法治功用及其当代价值

自乡村组织存在之日起,乡规民约便产生和不断衍生发展,并在传统社会治理中发挥着重要作用.纵观历史,在社会主义现代化建设中,仍然不能忽视乡规民约的价值和作用.回顾乡规民约产生的历史,揭示乡规民约的伦理性特点和法治功用,提出乡规民约的当代价值,旨在探索社会主义新农村村民自治的新途径,期望在健全和完善乡规民约的建设中,促进社会主义新农村全面健康发展.     

联合国国际公约对死刑的规定及中国的应对

联合国自成立以来一直关注死刑的问题，先后通过了一系列国际公约与会议决议，尤其2007年“暂停死刑执行”决议的通过，对世界死刑废止进程产生了实质性的影响。中国作为联合国常任理事国之一，仍然在法律中保留着死刑以及实际执行死刑。如何应对死刑废止全球化的趋势，是刑法学界与司法界共同面临的问题。应从联合国公约决议关于死刑规定的流变入手，在解读相关条约决议的内容基础上，结合中国实际提出刑事立法与司法上应对策略。     

Fractured International Environmental Governance and the Potential Role of the Commonwealth in Biodiversity and Climate Change

Abstract

This paper begins by examining the reasons behind most failures of governance, including fault lines in institutional and professional specialisation, and in ideology. These three, forever competing within and between themselves, frustrate attempts to find solutions to some of the world's most pressing challenges. Not least among these are environmental challenges, where preferences and priorities that are geographically, professionally or ideologically narrow inevitably fail to achieve solutions for the greater good. What role can the Commonwealth play in addressing the fracture lines that bedevil solutions for climate change and biodiversity? It may help to stimulate global action on these issues if it can encourage agreement across multidimensional global boundaries. We know the Commonwealth is not a leading global force for controlling climate change or biodiversity loss; but if it had the political will it could be an exemplar of how, between a group of vastly diverse countries across the globe—and on the global political stage—binding agreement and positive action on climate change and biodiversity could be promoted and perhaps achieved. One of the strongest features of the Commonwealth is the generation of long-standing legal and ethical norms whose appeal is obvious even if their implementation is lacking. These norms should not be limited to the rule of law, democracy and human rights, but should include environmental norms because these too are fundamental to a satisfactory human condition.     

反恐怖主义国际公约与完善我国刑事立法

为打击日益猖獗的恐怖主义犯罪活动 ,国际社会通过了一系列的反恐怖主义国际公约。我国刑法关于组织、领导、参加恐怖活动组织罪及相关反恐怖主义条款的规定 ,体现了国际公约的精神和原则。当前 ,修改和完善刑法、制定反恐怖主义专门法规、实现反恐怖主义立法全球化是我国加强和完善反恐怖主义立法的基本形式。     

Reforming the United Kingdom Constitution: Law,Convention, Soft Law

The Governance of Britain Green Paper continues the programme of constitutional reform begun in 1997, and appears to reinforce the juridification of the UK's constitution. Nevertheless, several key reforms will be implemented not by legislation, but by creating new conventions. This article argues that such ‘declared’ conventions are best understood as a form of constitutional ‘soft law’, which attempt to influence constitutional behaviour rather than generating binding norms. Applying a regulatory analysis, it then argues that the case for a soft, rather than hard law approach to constitutional reform is weaker than its widespread use in the UK suggests. Finally, the article challenges the thesis that the political constitution is being replaced by a legal constitution, arguing that the government's attitude to constitutional reform still exhibits basic characteristics of political constitutionalism. Moreover, there is more to contemporary constitutional developments than a bipolar contest between political and legal constitutionalism.     

论我国对洗钱罪的没收措施——以《联合国禁毒公约》为视角

《联合国禁毒公约》明确了通过对洗钱罪收益的没收以打击相关犯罪的宗旨。从我国现行刑法的规定来看,应适当扩大洗钱收益的没收范围;制定洗钱收益没收的国内立法以加强国际司法合作;建立对没收的洗钱收益的资产分享制度等,以期有利于我国进一步健全和完善相关的法律机制。     

羌族民约的习惯法特征

民约规范是羌族习惯法最重要的组成部分,在羌民的社会生活中扮演着极为重要的角色。首先,羌族民约具有浓郁的民族独特性;其次,相对国家制定法而言具有依赖补充性,它调整着一些国家法没有调整的社会关系,同时,还在国家法虽有触及却难以深入的社会层面裨助国家法得以具体落实;最后,由于民约多为当地的老规矩、“土办法”,易为民众所遵循,具有可执行性。基于此,研究羌族民约,对今天民族地区的立法和执法实践都可以提供一些有益的借鉴。