非对等咬合钳具形成痕迹特点的研究

根据大量的实验事实,通过材料的变形分析,对非对等咬合的钳类工具所形成的痕迹进行研究,阐述了不同坡面上的变形性质和痕迹特点,总结了痕迹与工具的对应关系,为工作实践指出了分析和检验鉴定的方法,同时对钳类工具痕迹的形成原理作出了补充和修正。     

Spleen and portal lymphnode pathology in fatal drug addiction

Spleen and portal lymphnode sections from 86 drug addicts submitted for medico-legal autopsy at the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Copenhagen in the year 1979 were studied together with tissue sections from 24 "normal" persons. In 70% of the drug addicts the spleen weight was more than 200 g, and in 71% portal lymphnode hyperplasia was found. Birefringent foreign material was found in spleen tissue of drug addicts in 72% and in portal lymphnode tissue in 44%. Signs of antigen stimulation in both spleen and portal lymphnode tissue evaluated by the number of germinal centre and plasma cells were found in more than 80% of the drug addicts compared with about 20% of the "normal" persons. The results were related to anamnestic information of duration of drug abuse, to the spleen weight, to the occurrence of birefringent material and to the liver changes. Examination of lysozyme and immunoglobulin containing cells using the indirect preoxidase technique was performed in a total of 72 cases of spleen tissue, 59 cases of portal lymphnode tissue from drug addicts, 24 cases of spleen tissue and 18 of portal lymphnode tissue from "normal" persons. Lysozyme, IgM and IgG containing cells were found significantly more often among drug addicts than "normal" persons. The results indicate that the splenomegalia and the portal lymphnode hyperplasia often found in drug addicts are caused by continuous antigen stimulation due to repeated injections of various antigens.     

Exploring the Effects of North–South and South–South Research Collaboration in Emerging Economies,the Colombian Case

International research collaboration (IRC) is associated with both positive and negative effects on the performance of research in emerging economies. While some authors claim that North–South collaborations improve scientific quality and visibility for Southern countries, others claim that it may entail the reorientation of research to comply with Northern agendas. South–South collaborations are thought to increase the focus on local affairs, therefore leading to a relatively small number of scientific international publications appearing in “high quality” journals. Research on the impact of IRC beyond publications in international journals has been neglected despite the importance of other products in knowledge creation. This research uses a broad range of scientific outputs to empirically assess such assumptions and explore the outcomes of IRC in Colombia. Results from multivariate regressions and nonparametric analyses show that, contrary to common assumptions, Colombian research teams collaborating with partners from the global South report higher scientific production, while those collaborating with Northern countries seem to contribute to local knowledge the most.     

政治特性、效率误区与发展空间--非政府组织的现实主义理性审视

非政府组织的乐观主义者在强调该类组织对政府失灵和市场失灵的有益补充时,也或多或少地陷入了两个误区即忽视了其组织具有的政治性特性,并对其组织效率给予了过高的期望.试图从现实主义的视角,来阐述非政府组织作为一种相对独立并拥有一定社会基础的民间组织所具有的政治功能和作用,以及在组织效率方面可能存在的缺失.并认为,非政府组织对双重失灵的补充性,以及其政治特性和效率缺失,共同构成了其组织与政府之间存在的复杂关系,这种复杂关系在相当程度上决定了非政府组织发展空间的限度.     

Pregnancy,Cesarean, and Pheochromocytoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

A 43‐year‐old full‐term pregnant woman (gravida 2, para 1, medical history of gestational diabetes mellitus) developed a sudden and malignant hypertension with hemoptysis, sweat, and tachycardia during a scheduled C‐section. A dead newborn was delivered and was successfully resuscitated. The mother died after resistant cardiac arrest. Autopsy and pathological analyses revealed an acute pulmonary edema and a necrotic and hemorrhagic voluminous tumor of the left adrenal gland, which was a pheochromocytoma. Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of the adrenal glands which secretes catecholamines. In pregnant women, its symptoms can mimic gestational hypertension, preeclampsia or eclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus. The gestational diabetes mellitus was presumed to be a symptom of the pheochromocytoma, and cardiopulmonary failure the result from the necrosis of the tumor provoked by gravid uterus compression. From a medico‐legal point of view, the tumor could not have been suspected during the pregnancy.     

《刑法》第349条第1款的规范阐释——以“明知”为切入点

《刑法》第349条第1款规定的包庇、窝藏行为,其性质会因行为人"明知"的有无、内容和程度而改变,从而构成包庇毒品犯罪分子罪,窝藏、转移、隐瞒毒品罪,走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品罪,窝藏、包庇罪或非法持有毒品罪等不同的犯罪,甚至完全可能是无罪。这就涉及到诸多刑法条文的规定。因此,应以"明知"为切入点,往返于规范与事实之间,把《刑法》作为统一的整体,对《刑法》第349条第1款进行体系解释,方可得到合理的结论。     

Appellate and trial court caseload growth: A pooled time-series-cross-section analysis

This is an econometric study of factors behind filing growth since 1970 in state trial courts and, especially, appellate courts. The model posits two categories of variables: those affecting the supply of disputes and those affecting the costbenefit considerations of potential litigants. The study uses a pooled time-seriescross-section design and a fixed-effects regression procedure. The overall conclusion is that factors determining the supply of disputes overwhelm other factors entered in the model. At the trial level, economic conditions 2 years earlier strongly affect civil filings, and crime rates for the current and prior year have moderate impacts on criminal filings. The output capacity of trial courts, measured by the number of judges, has a strong impact on appeals. Economic conditions and trial court filings influence civil appeals in later years, and prison commitments influence criminal appeals. The great majority of cost-benefit factors, such as simplification of appellate procedure and interest-rate differentials, showed little or no impact on appeals.In view of the rising emphasis on replicability (Dewaldet al., 1986; Campbell, 1986; Cook and Zarkin, 1986), we stress that the data for this research are available from the Inter-Univarsity consortium for Political and Social Research, and we will provide copies of the computer printouts giving the programs (that apply SAS) and the results. In addition, Court Studies periodically updates the data set, and it will supply current data upon request.     

浅谈如何建立油田的地企、警民联防机制

石油企业面临的风险越来越多，而对各类风险的防范，尤其是维护油田治安，加强对原油和各类油田物资的保护彰显重要。油田治安形势不容乐观，油田保卫工作虽然有了长足的进步，但地企、警民联防机制还相对滞后。要适应油田治安形势需要必须更新思想，转变观念，建立油田治安防范的大格局。企业法律部门在联防机制中应发挥作用。     

论社会公共事务管理主体的多元化

社会公共事务日益复杂和繁重 ,公共事务管理主体必然走向多元化。从发展趋势来看 ,公民社会将不断壮大和成熟 ,大量公共事务应由社会来自行管理 ,一些特定事务才由政府组织承担。自 1970年代以来 ,与政府 (公域 )、市场 (私域 )相对应的第三部门 (第三域 )在全球迅速壮大发展 ,它为解决政府失灵和市场失灵提供了新的可能 ,成了社会管理与发展的又一基本组织体系。我国自改革开放以来 ,社会中介组织、社区组织、民办非企业组织和其他社会团体迅速发展 ,在社会事务的管理中发挥越来越重要的作用。