Co-creation of Linking Social Capital in ‘Municipality 3.0’

There is great interest in co-creation of welfare production between municipalities and the civil society in the Nordic countries. Using linking social capital as a theoretical point of departure and examining a qualitative case study in Norway, I critically assess the concepts of co-creation and ‘Municipality 3.0’. It is suggested that even in countries with high trust in the authorities, building linking social capital in the shape of interorganizational networks is a complex process fraught with potential barriers related to trust, network building, municipal resources, and statutory laws and regulations. And while outcomes are promising, they are far from certain.     

以“三个代表”为指针 加强中心城区党建工作

加强中心城区党建工作必须以"三个代表”的思想为指针,紧密结合城区党建工作的实际情况,调查研究,总结经验,找出薄弱环节,查找深层次原因,切实解决存在的问题,探索并建立中心城区党建工作的新思路和新机制.     

构建高效能、现代化的北京市区域创新体系

本文通过分析北京市区域创新体系建设的服务体系和创新环境,识别了创新体制、创新资源和创新体系建设等方面的问题,提出从创新资源综合配置平台建设、创新主体建设以及创新环境建设三个方面构建北京市区域创新体系建设的综合战略。     

刍议行政处罚听证制度较大数额之确定简

行政处罚法首次规定了听证制度,对于提高行政效率,促进依法行政,保障行政相对人的合法权益起到了重要的作用,也搭建了一个行政机关与行政相对人进行对话交流的平台.法律规定行政机关拟作出较大数额行政处罚决定时,当事人有听证的权利.但较大数额是一个不确定法律概念.从行政处罚听证制度的意义着手,剖析现行“较大数额”纷繁复杂规定的乱象,从确定主体、方式和基础出发以期完善现行较大数额的合理确定机制,达致法律统一、和谐.     

上海发展电子信息制造业的思考——深圳IT产业和台湾IC产业发展的经验启示

电子信息制造业是上海六大工业产业之一。该文通过调研和数据分析,发现了现阶段产业发展存在的一些问题,包括产业大而不强、创新能力不足、经营成本高企、政府服务能力有待提高等。通过对深圳IT产业和台湾IC产业发展的剖析,提出为促进上海电子信息制造业转型发展的对策：提升政府服务和管理水平,营造和谐产业生态环境;鼓励企业创新创业;利用本地金融优势服务产业发展;借助产业转移实现腾笼换鸟,快速进行产业结构升级;大力发展以研发设计服务和供应链管理服务为代表的生产性服务业。     

北京市女性老年人口的现状及未来发展趋势分析

在人口老龄化过程中,男女两性寿命差距不断扩大,老年人口中女性老人所占比例不断提高。由于女性在社会发展中受到了不公平的待遇,在晚年阶段形成的女性老年人问题将更加严重。本文利用2000年第五次人口普查0.95%的原始数据对北京市老年女性的现状进行了分析描述,结果表明,北京市女性老年人的教育程度、在业率低于男性老人,而丧偶率、经济依赖性则较男性老人高。最后对北京市女性老年人口的未来发展趋势进行了预测,提出在就学、就业、社会保障等方面保护老年女性实现晚年的平等权益。     

Treated politicians,treated voters: A natural experiment on political budget cycles

Although pre-electoral political manipulation of the budget — the political budget cycle (PBC) — has been long investigated by scholars, empirical findings are mixed at best. This is partly because of the non-random nature of election timing. There also exist ongoing debates over how the budget is manipulated for electoral purposes. We address these issues by exploiting a natural experiment in Japan, where the timing of both executive and legislative elections in municipalities is fixed, staggered, and as good as random, and by using the detailed items of the municipal budget. We find that total and capital expenditures follow the PBC, but tax revenue does not. We also find that executive elections are associated with the PBC, but legislative elections are not. Against the conventional wisdom that democratic or developed countries are free from the PBC, our case of Japan offers an intriguing exception.     

北京市女职工劳动保护费用调查分析

通过对北京市企事业单位女工劳动保护费用的调查,发现人均“女工劳动保护费用”高于“生育保险费”。生育保险制度正在从“企业生育保险”转向“社会生育保险”,而企业独自承担女工劳动保护费用从而影响女性就业的问题还没有引起社会的注意,本文在调查分析的基础上对女工劳动保护费用的分担问题进行了讨论。     

Challenges to Property Rate Administration in the Offinso South Municipality,Ghana

Decentralized governments in Ghana have not been able to realize optimum benefits from their property tax potentials. The paper investigates the administration of property taxation in Ghana using the Offinso South Municipality (OSM) as a study area. Questionnaires were relied on to garner data from property owners in the municipality. It observed that low coverage and collection ratios, inadequate collection modes, and negative public perceptions have worked against the administration of property tax in the OSM. The paper suggests a complete overhaul of the property rate regime in the OSM if the buoyancy of property tax revenue is to be realized. It argues that the rating authority should purge the system of perceived corruptions. It suggests a revamp of the property rate collection means in order to slump rent seeking behavior of the mobile property rate collectors.     

Towards understanding the contextual role of traditional leadership in the establishment of cyber communities amongst rural people in South Africa: The case of Dr J.S. Moroka Municipality

Abstract

ICT policies instituted over a number of years by the South African government have failed manifestly in establishing cyber communities amongst rural people in South Africa. The authors of this article argue that for rural South African communities to reap the benefits of ‘cyber citizenship’ and Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) initiatives, it will be necessary for communities to enable themselves and to take ownership of initiatives to participate in the anticipated South African information society. The authors argue that the success of ICT4D initiatives depends very strongly on an understanding of the interaction of such initiatives with the social context at the local community level. One of the significant aspects of the social context at community level is the role of traditional leaders in these communities. This article examines the role of traditional leadership, with specific reference to the literature on traditional leadership in South Africa and the literature on the role of traditional leadership in ICT4D initiatives, as well as empirical findings from a case study that serves as an example of a ‘typical’ rural community in Mpumalanga, South Africa.