共振光散射法在核酸测定中的应用研究

本文用RLS技术研究了在酸性介质中，阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲铵（CTMAB）存在下，依来铬蓝黑R（Eriochrome Blue Black R，EBBR）与鱼精脱氧核糖核酸（fsDNA）相互作用的RLS光谱特征及影响因素，并在优化实验条件下，实现了对fsDNA的定量检测。对于EBBR┝CTMAB—fsDNA体系，fsDNA浓度的线性范围为0．01-1．6μg／mL，相应的检出限（3σ，n=5）为4．6ng／mL。将所建立的方法用于合成样品中痕量核酸的测定，回收率在97％-106％之间，RSD小于2．8％。     

基于银胶表面增强拉曼光谱检验蓝色书写字迹初探

目的用基于银胶的表面增强拉曼光谱技术检验蓝色签字笔字迹。方法取4种常见不同牌号的蓝色签字笔在其字迹上滴加微量银胶,用显微共焦拉曼光谱仪进行检验。结果不同品牌的蓝色签字笔字迹的表面增强拉曼光谱不同。结论基于银胶的表面增强拉曼光谱技术可用于纸张上蓝色签字笔字迹的检验。     

Identifying forensically relevant urban scavengers in Johannesburg,South Africa

Unidentified human remains are frequently recovered in urban environments in South Africa, which undergo forensic (medico-legal) investigations. These remains often exhibit animal scavenging modifications and are frequently scattered by animals. This impacts the collection and forensic analysis of the remains. This study aimed to identify scavenging animals present in two urban environments in Johannesburg, South Africa, and describe their scavenging and scattering behaviours. Six pig carcasses (Sus scrofa domesticus) (30–80 kg) were placed in a veldt in Johannesburg and in an abandoned building complex. Motion-activated cameras recorded the scavenging activities. Scavenger species were identified and their behaviours, scattering pattern, and scavenging bone modifications were described. Slender mongooses (Galerella sanguinea) were the most prolific veldt scavengers. They scattered remains to a maximum distance of 10.5 m in two directions: north and southeast. These mongooses scavenged during the advanced and dry decomposition stages. Gnawing on the angle of the mandible - with multiple parallel scores on the flat surfaces and the angle margin having a stepped appearance - may be a distinguishing scavenging modification feature of the slender mongoose. Hadeda ibis (Bostrychia hagedash) were the only scavengers recorded scavenging on the intestines of a pig carcass in the abandoned building complex. They favoured colonizing insects and created multiple, large holes in the skin and removed the lips to access the insects. The described scavenging behaviours will assist in the reconstruction of postmortem events in forensic cases and the location and collection of scattered remains in Southern Africa.