新时期辅警制度的现实困局与探索路径

作为正规警力的有益补充,辅警在协助警察维护社会治安等方面发挥了重要作用,成为维护安全稳定不可或缺的治安辅助力量。不过,辅警体系的制度构建和现实运作也出现了辅警称谓多样化、成员复杂、缺乏保障、身份定位尴尬等一系列问题。加强辅警队伍的管理和建设,积极推动辅警队伍持续健康发展,是公安机关不容回避的现实问题。对于辅警队伍的管理与建设应从管理规范化、考核灵活化、技能专业化、工作透明化四个方面入手,大力推进辅警队伍的正规化、制度化建设。     

Noneconomic Motives Predicting Cooperation in Public Good Dilemmas: The Effect of Received Respect on Contributions

The present research examined the extent to which feeling respected, versus feeling disrespected, influences people's willingness to contribute to the public good. Further, it was investigated why such a positive effect of respect should occur. The findings showed that respect indeed had a positive influence on contributions. In addition, it was shown that respect also positively influenced people's feelings of belongingness and that this feeling was found to mediate the effect of respect on contributions. These findings thus indicate that research on social decision-making, and more specifically social dilemmas, has to start devoting more attention to people's noneconomic motives that are independent of outcome concerns when explaining the act of cooperation.     

Am I Respected or Not?: Inclusion and Reputation as Issues in Group Membership

Six studies examined why and when respect vs. disrespect influences people’s emotions, self-worth, and behavior. Following relational models of justice, we argued that people use groups to derive information about the social self and as such value respect information because it indicates (a) whether or not they are accepted, and (b) how their status within the group is evaluated. These two identity concerns were operationalized by means of reinforcing people’s desire to belong (i.e., the identity concern of acceptance) and concern for reputation (i.e., the identity concern of one’s status evaluation). In line with predictions, the first three studies demonstrated that respect matters only among those whose concerns to belong are made salient. Studies 4–6 further showed that respect only influenced reactions among those who have strong concerns for reputation. It is concluded that respect communicates information relevant to people’s identity concerns—i.e., inclusion and reputation.     

试论电子商务法

随着电子商务技术领域的发展,电子商务的立法要求也愈来愈高涨。因此,合理科学的制定电子商务法便摆在广大法律工作者的面前。而要制定一部科学、公正的电子商务法就要分清电子商务法领域的三个问题:(1)电子商务法的范畴;(2)电子商务法的归属;(3)电子商务法的立法价值取向。