Improving Children's Recall of an Occurrence of a Repeated Event: Is It a Matter of Helping Them to Generate Options?

Three experiments were conducted to explore whether children's recall of an occurrence of a repeated event could be improved by encouraging them to consider various details that occurred across a series of events prior to making a judgement about which details were included in the target (to-be-recalled) occurrence. Experiment 1 explored whether children's recall of the target occurrence was better after the interviewer presented all the items from the series prior to the child identifying the final item. Experiment 2 explored whether having the children generate all the items facilitated their subsequent recall of the target occurrence. Finally, Experiment 3 directly compared the effectiveness of the above 2 procedures. Regardless of the children's age, the retention interval, or the type of item, children's capacity to identify which details were included in a target occurrence was enhanced when they were initially provided with all the possible details from the series of events. However, without relying on the interviewer to generate the options, the benefit of the technique was directly contingent on the children's ability to generate content details; this was a distinct source of difficulty for the children. Indeed, having children generate options had no beneficial effect on decisions about the temporal position of items unless performance was made conditional on the children's ability to remember the relevant details in the first place. The implications of the findings for the legal setting and for future research are discussed.     

'I Find Myself as Someone Who is in the Forest': Urban Refugees as Agents of Social Change in Kampala, Uganda

An in-depth investigation of the Kampala Urban Refugee Children'sEducation Centre (KURCEC), a refugee-initiated community-basedorganization in Uganda, allows for detailed exploration of thelivelihood strategies employed by urban refugees in the sphereof education and of the ways in which these strategies can promoteself-reliance and individual and community development in urbansituations. Urban refugees' development of KURCEC challengesperceived notions of refugees as burdens or as passive recipientsin a system that fosters dependency and shows that they areagents of social change within their own and their host communities.The focus on what works in the midst of crisis, desperation,and uncertainty is a deliberate attempt to promote researchand policy-setting that is forward-looking and productive ratherthan reactionary and regressive in the context of new developmentsin policy and practice relating to urban refugees worldwide.     

试论儿童的现象学

并非只有成人才有可能掌握与运用现象学的方法。由于儿童较少“前设性”和“成见性”;由于儿童在游戏中与事物融为一体,达到了接近事物并直接面对事物本身的状态;由于儿童常常“固执已见”也摆脱权威中介,直接面对事物本身;由于儿童的思维主要是具体形象思维,故儿童有其自己的现象学。其特点为自发性、易受主观性及自我中心思想的影响。研究儿童现象学对儿童研究和成人现象研究具有重要意义。     

离异父母擅自变更未成年子女姓名的法律思考

通过对两个矛盾案例的分析 ,说明如何理解“子女可以随父姓 ,也可以随母姓”,认为父母离异并没有改变父母子女之间的关系 ,一方无权擅自变更未成年子女姓名。同时 ,对公安部公户政 ( 1995年 ) 0 74号《关于抚养人申请变更子女姓名问题的批复》提出了不同看法。     

推进旅游综合改革试验区养老市场建设刍议

随着老龄化人口的增长,社会养老问题将成为城市的一个重要关注点。如今,越来越多有一定经济实力的老人盼望多元化养老。异地置业养老风正悄然兴起。把桂林打造为医疗服务水平高、社保建设和各种基础设施比较完善的养老胜地,应成为推进桂林国家旅游综合改革试验区建设的一个方向。     

Resident-Owned,Informal Mobile Home Communities in Rural California: The Case of Rancho Don Antonio,Coachella Valley

California's farmworkers are among the lowest-paid wage earners in the state. They often live in crowded or substandard housing. The Polanco Bill—state legislation enacted in the early 1990s—aimed to increase the supply of housing for farmworkers by encouraging the development of employee housing on land zoned for agriculture. This article discusses the implementation and effects of the Polanco Bill in the agricultural area of the eastern Coachella Valley. It finds, somewhat unexpectedly, that groups of farmworkers, often family members, have used the bill to collaborate and develop small, resident-owned, informal mobile home communities, called polancos, and focuses on one such case. Although the article's key contribution is to identify the informal approach and its key attributes, it also discusses whether a new housing model based on the collectively owned polancos is possible.     

解读“儿童经典诵读”教育理念

儿童经典诵读工程已在中国大陆广泛展开,其魅力和教育启示在于强调经典作品的重要作用、倡导民族化教育、开发儿童的潜能、增进亲子感情.     

试论工会组织"建设职工之家"活动的可持续发展

从1983年开始的中国工会"职工之家"建设活动,至今已走过了20个年头.工会建家活动能够延续20年而不衰,原因就是因为它是在特定历史时期中国工会组织发展方式和中国工会运动发展形式的正确选择.在新的历史条件下,工会组织建家活动可持续发展的实现,对工会组织的长远建设和发展都具有重要意义.     

Contact Disputes: Narrative Constructions of `Good' Parents

This paper explores contact disputes in England and Wales. We discuss the legal background as well as separating parents' experiences of contact disputes. Contact has been high on the agenda since the U.K. Government report, Making Contact Work, (2002) examined various means for facilitating contact between non-resident parents and their children. More recently, the issue has featured prominently in the headlines, largely as a result of the campaigning efforts of fathers' rights groups who complain of injustice and demand changes in the law. The idea that contact is necessary for children's well-being seems to have acquired the status of uncontestable truth. This paper examines the ways in which these ideas about children's interests have become embodied in adominant welfare discourse that is embedded in law and informs policy thinking. Family law has long abhorred parental conflict, particularly that which involves the children. It is frequently assumed that conflict can be reduced if parents could be persuaded to accept the premises of the welfare discourse. In this paper, we consider how parents themselves, in talking about their experiences of contact disputes, makes sense of family law. We found that parents regularly invoke the welfare discourse in their talk, but they interpret it in unexpected ways. Often these interpretations fuel conflict rather than reducing it.     

对探望权立法的法理分析及其完善

婚姻法修正案设立了探望权制度,填补了婚姻家庭制度的空白。但经过几年的实践,探望权仍很难以实现。而身份权与物权等其他权利有着迥乎不同的自身特性,因此探望权的完善应当在充分考虑传统文化影响和探望权特殊性的原则下进一步完善。