Gender and Vernaculars in Digital Humanities and World Literature

Abstract

This article discusses the large-scale and world-encompassing aspirations of digital humanities and world literature and their methodological accordance with the analysis of literature in smaller languages and of texts understood in social, transnational, and gendered contexts. Are Digital Humanities and World Literature establishing themselves as fields utilizing analytical tools that are at odds with the aims and perspectives of feminist literary history and reception history as a part of literary history? We argue that gender research and theory is insufficiently developed in both computational literary history and World Literature. An unproblematic understanding of translations, canonization, English as a global language, and the use of large-scale computational methods and formalized interpretive models is in many cases not beneficial for the understanding of texts by women writers or from feminist perspectives. Drawing on feminist criticism of computational methods and arguments for specialized rather than generalized knowledge about literary history, we propose that digitization in some form, be it a bibliographical database or digitization of a corpus of texts, may be thought of as part of the research process in projects oriented towards gender and cultural exchange.     

索绪尔和认知语言学

认知语言学是语言科学中较新的一个流派。然而 ,有些语言学者往往因过于强调其新颖性 ,否定认知语言学与结构主义存在任何关系 ,进而否定索绪尔对认知语言学的影响。这种片面的观点主要是因为他们一方面没有认清结构主义存在不同的表现形式 ,另一方面没有深入探究索绪尔的思想 ,从而错误理解了索绪尔理论。本文通过细致分析索绪尔理论并将之与多种语言观作对比研究 ,旨在揭示索绪尔对认知语言学的贡献 ,同时帮助弄清语言研究的现状     

Searchable talk: the linguistic functions of hashtags

An important dimension of social media discourse is its searchability. A key semiotic resource supporting this function is the hashtag, a form of social tagging that allows microbloggers to embed metadata in social media posts. While popularly thought of as topic-markers, hashtags are able to construe a range of complex meanings in social media texts. This paper uses the concept of linguistic metafunctions, to explore how hashtags enact three simultaneous communicative functions: marking experiential topics, enacting interpersonal relationships, and organizing text. Corpus-based discourse analysis of linguistic patterns in a 100 million word Twitter corpus is used to investigate these functions and how they relate to the notion of social search.     

Amino acid alanine reactivity with the fingerprint reagent ninhydrin. A detailed ab initio computational study

Ninhydrin is one of the most widely used reagents for chemical development of fingerprints on porous surfaces. The detection is based on the reaction of ninhydrin with a monoacidic component of the fingerprint to form an intensively colored compound named Ruhemann's Purple. A computational study of the mechanisms and reaction energetics of the formation of Ruhemann's Purple from ninhydrin and alanine is presented. Such a study is significant from a forensic science point of view because of the strong interest in the forensic chemistry and law enforcement communities in developing alternatives to the current generation of ninhydrin like chemicals for the detection and development of latent fingerprints. Information about the mechanism of reaction between ninhydrin and amino acids can ultimately help to design compounds with stronger chromo-fluorogenic properties in aid of detecting fingerprints at crime scenes. The three most accepted mechanisms of formation have been considered using ab initio quantum mechanical calculations. At relatively high temperature ( approximately 100 degrees C) all three mechanisms are energetically feasible. However since it is recommended that forensic analyses be performed at room temperature, a revised mechanism is proposed for the formation of Ruhemann's Purple under this condition.     

《公安信息系统应用》课程与警察院校计算机基础教学改革

目前,大学各专业的专业课与公共基础课在课时安排上面临较大冲突,计算机课程要如何安排才能培养学生的计算思维能力,满足不同专业学生共同面对的信息化时代的需求,是我们需要深入思考与讨论的问题。我们针对公安"二学位"学生的计算机应用水平较大差异的特点,对计算机基础课程《公安信息系统应用》从教学内容、教学大纲、教学方法与手段上进行了一系列改革探讨,为警察院校计算机基础教学改革提供新的思路。     

论英语语言学研究的多维视角

英语语言学研究在新的世纪不再是单纯的语言基础研究,应该本着开放的视野,更加注重研究的深度以及与其他学科连接的广度,并应随着学术研究的跨学科发展趋势,拓宽英语语言学的研究视角.英语语言学研究多维视角的提出有其必要性、合理性及可行性.外语工作者应不断深化哲学视角、文化学视角及政治学视角研究,推动英语语言学研究在新时期和新阶段的进一步发展.     

关于刑法语言语义的思考与建议——我国刑法语言语义思考与建议之一

《中华人民共和国刑法》自1979年7月1日第五届全国人民代表大会第二次会议通过以来,经过了多次修正,显得更加成熟与完善。但修订主要在律条上,而在某些文字、语义上似仍可斟酌。本文有一些思考和建议,计5款36条。     

西伯利亚名考

对西伯利亚名称的研究由来已久，人们往往根据西伯利亚的地理位置、历史，结合历史文献及当地民族的归属进行考证其名称的来源与意义。这样的讨论很有意义，然而，仅仅考虑上述方面还不足以科学地对西伯利亚的名称意义进行解释。本研究认为，还应该从历史语言的角度，通过讨论同源词来进行佐证才能够科学和合理地解释西伯利亚名称的意义。从语言的同源词比较中，我们可以看出，西伯利亚名称的意义可以局限在两种比较可以令人信服的解释：一为源于阿尔泰语系的“泥泞、潮湿”之地，另为“鲜卑”。而“泥泞”才是合理的释义。