违法所得问题研究

违法所得是指违法所得的一切财物的简称,在诉讼活动中占有重要地位。但是由于立法和理论研究的不足,导致司法实践中违法所得的概念不清、主体不明、数额计算不统一以及程序设计不完善等。因此,有必要对违法所得问题展开实体与程序全方位的研究,完善违法所得的处理机制。     

论一般赃物犯罪的客观要件

一般赃物类犯罪的犯罪对象“赃物”应包括物品和收益两大类。对一些特殊物品及其收益,如违禁品应区别对待:法律有特别规定的,按独立罪名定。善意第三人占有的赃物丧失了赃物的属性。变卖加工后的赃物仍然是赃物。一般赃物犯罪的客观行为包括窝藏、转移、收购、代为销售或者以其他方法掩饰、隐瞒赃物。     

Using Gas Chromatography with Ion Mobility Spectrometry to Resolve Explosive Compounds in the Presence of Interferents*

Abstract: Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a valued field detection technology because of its speed and high sensitivity, but IMS cannot easily resolve analytes of interest within mixtures. Coupling gas chromatography (GC) to IMS adds a separation capability to resolve complex matrices. A GC‐IONSCAN^® operated in IMS and GC/IMS modes was evaluated with combinations of five explosives and four interferents. In 100 explosive/interferent combinations, IMS yielded 21 false positives while GC/IMS substantially reduced the occurrence of false positives to one. In addition, the results indicate that through redesign or modification of the preconcentrator there would be significant advantages to using GC/IMS, such as enhancement of the linear dynamic range (LDR) in some situations. By balancing sensitivity with LDR, GC/IMS could prove to be a very advantageous tool when addressing real world complex mixture situations.     

论控制下交付侦查模式的适用范围和实施步骤

我国2012年3月通过的新《刑事诉讼法》第151条第2款规定:"对涉及给付毒品等违禁品或者财物的犯罪活动,公安机关根据侦查犯罪的需要,可以依照规定实施控制下交付。"但并未对控制下交付的具体含义及其适用范围作出详细的规定与阐释。{因此,很有必要从法律渊源、国际公约的演进视角进行研究,总结出控制下交付实施的具体适用范围,并对控制下交付的实施步骤作出相应探究。     

Funding,capabilities and the use of child soldiers

Recent years have seen increased scholarly attention given to the issue of child soldiering. Primarily dedicated to the decision-making calculus of rebel groups, this body of work has generally emphasised supply-side versus demand-side arguments. We contribute to this growing literature by explicitly investigating a previously untested aspect of the latter. Prior scholarship has made vague references to a potential association between economic endowments and child soldiering, including natural resource wealth, but scant empirical attention has been given. We argue that the specific type of endowment has important consequences for the decision to utilise child soldiers. We argue access to and exploitation of lootable natural resources (e.g. gemstones) to be especially likely to promote the use of child soldiers due to their ease of access, the low skills required to harness them and the heightened likelihood that groups will become more profit-oriented. A systematic cross-national investigation of rebel groups provides robust evidence that lootable resources such as diamonds and gemstones are strongly associated with the use of children, while non-lootable resources such as oil are not.     

危险物品法律定义问题刍议

危险物品一词在我国法律体系中是一个专用名词，我国涉及危险物品管理的法律、行政法规、部门规章以及其他规范性文件有数十个之多，其中包括刑法在内的法律就有五部。尽管危险物品作为一个法律名词，多次出现在我国法律法规、部门规章中，然而其法律表述与定义依然存在模糊不清，混淆不明等疑难问题，对司法实践产生了消极影响，对此应当完善相关法律规定，统一界定危险物品含义，以利于危险物品管理和相关司法实践的开展。     

Costs and benefits of informal economy: shuttle trade and crime at Cherkizovsky market

According to IMF and OSCE reports, informal economic transactions in Russia and other states of the former Communist Bloc have cushioned the shocks of economic and political transition of the 1990s by quickly satisfying the consumer demand and providing unofficial jobs to the population faced with transition recession. As these analyses extensively emphasise the advantages of informal entrepreneurship and its positive contribution to stimulating economic growth, this article explores the phenomenon of shuttle trade – a system/form of informal trade outside state control that does not comply with state regulations – as an issue of concern for criminologists. This article investigates the convergence of shuttle trade and criminal activities and the relationship of shuttle trade to the formal regulatory environment. It offers insights into selected criminal activities at Cherkizovsky market in Moscow before its shutdown in 2009 and an evaluation of the policymaking decisions the shutdown triggered.     

论盗窃特殊对象的认定和处理

金融票证本身没有价值 ,盗窃金融票证行为不构成犯罪。不明知是枪支、弹药而盗窃但事后藏匿的 ,应以盗窃罪和私藏枪支、弹药罪数罪并罚。明知是假币而盗窃嗣后继续持有的 ,不构成盗窃罪 ,而构成非法持有假币罪。     

抢劫罪对象问题三论

抢劫罪是指以暴力、胁迫或者其他方法抢劫公私财物的行为。但是,对于像不动产、违禁品等这样一些特殊物品能否成为抢劫罪的对象,则无论国外还是国内刑法理论界都存在争论。而这些争论往往会导致在实践中对某种行为罪与非罪以及此罪与彼罪上的认定差异。因此,对抢劫罪的对象问题进行一定程度的专题探讨,就具有很大的理论与实践意义。