Social trust and affective polarization in Spain (2014–19)

One overlooked aspect of the rising levels of affective polarization is its effect on general social trust. In the present article, we analyze the relationship between affective polarization and various measures of social trust using two separate panel surveys that were implemented in Spain in two different political periods (2014–2015 and 2018–2019), in order to assess whether the individual variations in the levels of affective polarization may affect people's trust in other members of society. Our findings suggest that affective polarization towards out-party members has a mutually reinforcing negative relationship with general social trust, generating a pervasive equilibrium of social and political deterioration that might contribute to worsening democratic quality. This effect is not compensated by any significant bonding effect resulting from in-partisan identification, whose effects seem to be restricted just to the very closest inner-circle individuals.     

论“徇私”类渎职犯罪的主观要件之修改与完善——以徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪为角度

间接故意的认识因素是明知危害结果可能发生也可能不发生,而徇私类犯罪的认识因素要求必须是明知结果必然发生,以实现犯罪目的。故间接故意不能成为徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪的主观要件。但若将＂徇私＂认定为徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪的构成要件,将导致处罚范围不当缩小,增加查办难度,放纵渎职犯罪。因此作者认为,应当在刑法修订时,将＂徇私＂动机删除。对徇私的＂私＂的限制性解释,与刑法所保护的法益相矛盾。而且徇单位、集体之私实施渎职行为的,根本不是由于法律素质、政策水平和技术能力不高的缘故。所以,徇私的＂私＂应回归其本意。     

Let’s Intervene! But Only If They’re Like Us: The Effects of Group Dynamics and Emotion on the Willingness to Support Humanitarian Intervention

International relations (IR) studies on humanitarian intervention have debated both the nature and strength of intervention norms. This article contributes to this debate by exploring under what conditions individuals are willing to support military humanitarian intervention (MHI) and the psychological factors that influence whether, and the degree to which individuals support MHI. Taking a psychological approach, we hypothesized that individuals’ decision to support MHI is influenced by in-group favoritism and emotional responses to in-group suffering. We tested our theory with two experiments, each of which recruited roughly 200 American participants. Both experiments centered on the ongoing Syrian civil war and assessed Americans’ willingness to support intervention to protect different civilian groups. The results suggested that support for intervention was widespread, but not a majority view in most cases. The findings also suggested that participants exhibited slightly higher rates of support for intervention when those suffering were Christian, as opposed to Muslim. Furthermore, we found that the dynamics of support for intervention changed when chemical weapons were introduced into the scenario, which reframed the the crisis as a national security issue. Overall, our results suggest that individuals’ decisions to act upon norms can be influenced by the context of a crisis and individual level psychological factors, which have been under explored in IR scholarship on norms.     

徇私舞弊罪应当单独设立

徇私舞弊罪是指国家机关工作人员徇私舞弊,不履职或不正确履职,致使公共财产、国家和人民利益遭受重大损失的行为。我国《刑法》虽然没有规定徇私舞弊罪,但规定了很多徇私舞弊型犯罪,这些犯罪既不同于滥用职权,又不是玩忽职守,而是一种新的犯罪行为。立法单独设立徇私舞弊罪,既符合法理,也有利于指导司法实践。     

民事、行政枉法裁判罪若干疑难问题探讨

文章通过对民事、行政枉法裁判罪构成要件若干问题的探讨,旨在准确把握对民事、行政枉法裁判罪特征的认定,以利于实践中准确、及时打击犯罪,维护司法公正。     

辽宁全面实现小康社会需要人才观变革

人才问题是辽宁实现全面小康目标的关键问题,这首先要求做好人才观的变革,这种变革主要应体现在三方面:在人才地位上实现从“物质第一”向“人才第一”的观念转变;在人才评定上从唯学历、职称向重能力、业绩的观念转变;在人才选用和培养上实现从任人唯亲向任人唯贤的观念转变。     

徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪名设置及其客体的认定

徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪的设置有着重要的意义 ,但目前刑法界对其客体有不同的认识 ,具有几种代表性的观点均不能准确揭示本罪的犯罪客体。要准确界定本罪的客体必须着眼于本罪直接客体的本质和特征的分析 ,并以本罪的不作为犯罪构成为基础 ,具体分析本罪的三大特点 ,进而准确界定本罪的犯罪客体 ,即行政执法人员对刑事案件应当移送司法机关处理的义务和刑事司法职权     

徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪若干问题探究

对徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪的若干问题进行探讨:关于"行政执法人员"的范围,主张"职权享有论",行政执法人员是指享有和行使行政职权的人员;关于"依法应当移交"的理解,应区分"依法移交"与"应当移交";同一违法行为引起的行政处罚与刑事处罚应合并适用,在程序适用上应坚持刑事优先原则,行政执法机关移交刑事案件前不应先予作出行政处罚.     

Perverse Effects of Unfulfilled Norms: A Look at the Roots of Favoritism

In four experiments, 120 subjects had to judge and reward the performance of players in a game. When no player fulfilled the norm of the game, subjects gave rewards arbitrarily or favored their friends among the players; when some players fulfilled the norm of the game, subjects made fair judgments, rewarding the players who fulfilled the norm, and they did not favor their friends. These findings suggest that research on in-group favoritism should include a serious discussion of the formal norms that regulate people's decisions when they have to allocate rewards.     

Image formation,the low involvement viewer,and televised political advertising

Political observers have extensively documented the national media's focus on committee and party leaders. Legislators' local coverage, in contrast, remains largely unexplored and unexplained. This article examines 40 local newspapers to explore how these factors may influence legislators' local newspaper coverage. We find that local newspapers do not provide more coverage to congressional leaders and that independent papers write more frequently than chain-owned competitors about the local House delegation. Additionally, the extent to which a legislator's district geographically overlaps with the newspaper's market has a strong effect on legislators' mentions.