我国城市规划法制的现状与展望

二十世纪八十年代以来,我国逐渐形成了数量繁多、相对较为齐全的城市规划法制体系.但由于受到指导思想、发展水平等主客观因素的制约,目前,我国城市规划法制在实践中出现了诸多弊端和不足.我国必须对城市规划的法制进行科学、理性的整合与完善.这种整合与完善应当以科学的可持续发展观为指导,应体现社会的公平性与正义性,注重对环境、对有关利益主体的权益保障.     

关于一类半无限多目标规划离散型算法的偏差估计

本文将文献[5]中的偏差估计公式推广到有任意多个目标函数和α∈(0, ∞)的情形并给出约束参数集维数可任意的数值例子.     

桂林模式：品牌依托 整合多赢——“大桂林旅游圈”旅游业发展研究报告

"大桂林旅游圈"已经初具雏形,其总体运行态势良好,县域旅游与市区旅游原有格局被打破,县域旅游之间整合程度提升.桂林作为旅游中心城市对周边县域的辐射、带动作用表现在道路交通建设、旅游线路搭配、旅游信息提供上.     

The Needs of Women Offenders

Abstract

Recent corrections research indicates that programs and community services providing assistance and training for women offenders are lacking. Using a sample of 402 female felony offenders, women's needs, including those thought to be criminogenic (i.e., characteristics and circumstances that heighten an individual's recidivism risk), are examined to determine whether certain groups of women possess similar sets of needs. Cluster analysis is used to identify combinations of needs shared within subgroups of female felons. Identification of common and co-occurring needs, particularly those associated with high risk for recidivism, can assist program staff, advocates for women offenders, and correctional administrators in determining what combination of program elements should be available to women, and the degree to which programming must address multiple domains.     

城管执法乱象的原因分析与对策研究

城管在现代化城市管理中维护了城市管理秩序。但是,近年来被频频曝光的城管粗暴执法现象却将城管推向了社会舆论的风口浪尖。法学理论界提出的统一的城管执法依据缺失、城管体制不顺、地位不明确等等宏观层面的＂原因＂并非城管执法乱象的真正原因。对比国外城市管理方法以及分析我国城管执法的现状可知,错误的执法理念、城管执法人员素质不符合执法要求、理性沟通的缺失、处罚失当乃是城管执法乱象的真正原因,而树立正确的执法理念、组建高素质的城管执法队伍、执法的程序化与分类化正是根除这一乱象的对策。     

First Steps Towards Hearts and Minds? USAID's Countering Violent Extremism Policies in Africa

The United States government has adopted new approaches to counter violent extremist organizations around the world. “Soft security” and development programs include focused educational training for groups vulnerable to terrorist recruitment, norm messaging through local radio programming, and job creation in rural communities. This article evaluates the effectiveness of one set of these multi-vectored, community-level programs through data from 200 respondents in two similar, neighboring towns in northern Mali, Africa. The data show that residents in Timbuktu who were exposed to the programming for up to five years displayed measurably altered civic behavior and listening patterns in comparison with their counterparts in the control town of Diré, which had no programming (controlling for potential covariates including age, ethnicity, and political and socioeconomic conditions). However, there was little measurable difference between the groups in terms of their cultural identities and attitudes towards the West. While this study is unable to definitively prove a causal connection between programming and behavioral outcomes, it nonetheless strongly suggests that the process of “winning hearts and minds” can be effective at certain levels but may require extended time and dedicated resources to generate higher-level results.     

论我国刑罚执行体系与检察执行监督机制

我国刑罚执行体系体现出多机关参与执行的特点,具有执行的高效与便捷的特点。但执行权的分工不合理,造成司法机关职权属性异化,不利于司法公正性的维护,也不利于被执行人合法权益的维护。检察机关执行权与执行监督权因学界认识不统一,造成认识上的混淆,后果就是检察执行权和检察执行监督权合二为一,监督权脱离本色,监督失位,检察执行权缺失,参与性不足。本文对刑罚执行权与执行监督权进行了新的诠释与解读,并提出了刑罚执行与检察执行监督的具体制度设计,以期厘清两权的认识,构建公正、合理的刑罚执行体系与检察执行监督机制。     

Agile programming – Introduction and current legal challenges

Within the realms of software development, customers must specify the requirements of their new software before the start of the project. Today, this leads to considerable delays with respect to the start of the project. In addition, the integration of new requirements into a system already developed in parts is becoming increasingly time-consuming and cost-intensive. Yet the specifically necessitated functions of a software are often only revealed through the process of development. By means of agile programming, changes in the requirements of a software product can be handled flexibly in shorter development cycles. In the following, the framework of agile software development projects as it applies under German law is described and current legal problems of such projects – in particular, the issue of contract type and the new building contract law – are considered. The unplanned project design appears contrary to the legal approach. The article shows, however, that agile software products development provides customers with dynamic and quickly scalable products and that customers can leave the project after individual project steps. The new development of building contract law, which focuses on subunits and approvals, is also very much in line with the above-mentioned programming.     

Engendering regulation of artisanal and small-scale mining: participation,protection and access to justice

Abstract

This article argues that adopting a gender perspective when regulating artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) is both necessary and achievable. The authors analyse women’s often-ignored needs and experiences as workers, decision-makers and affected community members in the ASM sector. To address these concerns, this article sets out standards for regulating ASM to guarantee women’s access to services and information and women’s decision-making and representation; to address the specific risks women face in the sector; and to provide access to effective remedies. The authors use international instruments to identify good practice benchmarks from which legislators and policymakers can draw. The article also notes where global norms fall short of addressing women’s rights in ASM. Some of the limitations of this approach are also acknowledged, notably the challenge of establishing gender-responsive laws that can be feasibly and effectively implemented. Nonetheless, the proposed approach should be favoured to better respond to the highly masculinised nature of the sector and the differentiated impacts of ASM on men and women while recognising women’s roles as beneficiaries and productive agents of the sector.     

土地利用总体规划的理论体系研究

土地利用总体规划的理论体系是由哲学观、条件论、过程论三个方面构建起来的。其中哲学观是理论的灵魂,是条件论和过程论围绕的核心;条件论是土地利用总体规划的时代要求;而过程论是人类控制土地利用的具体理论,是哲学观与条件论在土地利用总体规划实践中的具体体现。