The determination of psilocin and psilocybin in hallucinogenic mushrooms by HPLC utilizing a dual reagent acidic potassium permanganate and tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chemiluminescence detection system

This paper describes a procedure for the determination of psilocin and psilocybin in mushroom extracts using high-performance liquid chromatography with postcolumn chemiluminescence detection. A number of extraction methods for psilocin and psilocybin in hallucinogenic mushrooms were investigated, with a simple methanolic extraction being found to be most effective. Psilocin and psilocybin were extracted from a variety of hallucinogenic mushrooms using methanol. The analytes were separated on a C12 column using a (95:5% v/v) methanol:10 mM ammonium formate, pH 3.5 mobile phase with a run time of 5 min. Detection was realized through a dual reagent chemiluminescence detection system of acidic potassium permanganate and tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II). The chemiluminescence detection system gave improved detectability when compared with UV absorption at 269 nm, with detection limits of 1.2 x 10(-8) and 3.5 x 10(-9) mol/L being obtained for psilocin and psilocybin, respectively. The procedure was applied to the determination of psilocin and psilocybin in three Australian species of hallucinogenic mushroom.     

赛洛新和赛洛西宾分析方法研究进展

致幻剂是一类低剂量就使人意识、知觉和视觉异常,引起幻觉和情绪障碍的精神活性物质.赛洛新和赛洛西宾是一类具有致幻作用的色胺类化合物,存在于裸盖伞属和斑褶菇属的致幻蘑菇中.当前滥用及娱乐性使用含此类物质的致幻蘑菇的现象日趋严重,由此引起的危害公共安全案(事)件不断增多.因此,对于致幻蘑菇滥用的鉴定是当前司法鉴定领域的重要需...     

Development of a DNA-based macroarray for the detection and identification of Amanita species

A DNA-based macroarray was designed to quickly and accurately identify certain Amanita mushroom specimens at the species level. The macroarray included probes for Amanita phalloides and Amanita ocreata, toxic species responsible for most mushroom poisonings, and Amanita lanei and Amanita velosa, edible species sometimes confused with toxic species, based on sequences of the highly variable internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA. A cryptic species related to A. ocreata and one related to A. lanei, identifiable by ITS sequences, were also included. Specific multiple oligonucleotide probes were spotted onto nylon membranes and the optimal hybridization temperatures were determined. The Amanita DNA array was highly specific, sensitive (0.5 ng DNA/μL and higher were detected), and reproducible. In two case studies, the method proved useful when only small amounts of mushroom tissue remained after a suspected poisoning. An identification could be completed in 12 h.     

毒品致幻型犯罪可罚性探析

我国法律并未直接规定因食用毒品产生幻觉后犯罪的可罚性问题,司法实务界也存在很多的争议。基于对毒品致幻型犯罪行为人刑事责任能力的认定及"罪刑法定"原则适用可能性分析,最终认定毒品致幻型犯罪适用刑法,从而确定毒品致幻型犯罪的可罚性,为打击毒品犯罪,遏制毒品犯罪高发势头做出一定探索。