Sudden death owing to right atrial hemangioma

Primary cardiac tumors are rare, with an autopsy incidence of 0.03%. Seventy-nine percent to 85% of primary cardiac tumors are benign, and of the benign tumors, cardiac hemangiomas account for 5-10% of cases. Most cardiac hemangiomas are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally at autopsy, or by echocardiography, computerized tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. We report a case of sudden death owing to cardiac hemangioma in a 22-year-old woman who collapsed while shopping and became unresponsive. The autopsy revealed a hemorrhagic mass on the surface of the right atrium which was infiltrating and replacing the wall of the right atrium; histopathological examination confirmed the tumor was a cavernous hemangioma. Fewer than 20 cases of right atrial cavernous hemangiomas have been reported in English literature, emphasizing the rarity of our case.     

华蟾素肝动脉栓塞治疗对中晚期原发性肝癌患者生存质量的影响

目的 评估肝动脉华蟾素注射液栓塞治疗对中晚期肝癌患者生存质量的影响。方法 将80例中晚期原发性肝癌患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组40例。两组患者均采用肝动脉栓塞术治疗,治疗组和对照组患者分别给予华蟾素注射液和表阿霉素注射液灌注。治疗前及TAE术后6周,分别采用美国东部肿瘤协作组ZPS评分标准（Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, Zubrod-ECOG-WHO, ZPS）、中文版FACT-Hep量表（Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary, FACT-Hep）评价患者的生存质量。结果 两组治疗前ZPS评分、FACT-Hep量表各维度评分及总分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TAE术后6 d,治疗组ZPS评分显著改善(P<0.01);治疗后6周,治疗组FACT-Hep量表各维度评分及总分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05,或P<0.01)。结论 华蟾素注射液肝动脉给药联合碘油栓塞治疗方案可改善中晚期肝癌患者生活质量。     

肝豆灵对铜负荷肝纤维化大鼠肝星状细胞凋亡的影响

目的 观察肝豆灵对铜负荷肝纤维化大鼠肝星状细胞(hepatic stellate cells,HSC)凋亡的影响,探讨肝豆灵防治Wilson病肝纤维化的作用机制。方法 将75只大鼠分成空白组、模型组、肝豆灵组、青霉胺组及肝豆灵+青霉胺组,采用喂食硫酸铜饮食复制铜负荷大鼠模型,采用TUNEL法检测HSC的凋亡。结果 模型组可见大量HSC增生;与模型组比较,各治疗组HSC数量显著降低（P<0.01）,HSC凋亡指数显著升高（P<0.01）;肝豆灵+青霉胺组AI显著高于肝豆灵组和青霉胺组(P<0.01)。讨论 肝豆灵可促进铜负荷大鼠HSC的凋亡,其与青霉胺联合用药的作用更显著。     

体检人群肝脂肪病变者中医脉象信号的递归定量识别与分析

目的 运用研究非线性动力学的递归定量分析（recurrence quantification analysis,RQA）方法对体检人群肝脂肪病变者的脉象信号进行分析,探讨脉象信号非线性动力学特征对肝脂肪病变的识别价值。方法 运用ZY-I型脉诊仪采集体检人群的脉象信号,根据腹部超声报告将体检人群分为肝脂肪病变组和非肝脂肪病变组;提取体检人群脉象信号RQA特征,并运用非参数检验分析两组人群脉象信号的RQA特征差异;基于脉象信号RQA特征,运用随机森林算机器学习方法建立体检人群肝脂肪病的识别模型,并通过评价准则包括准确率、精确率、召回率、F1值、受试者工作特征曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC）及曲线下面积（area under the curve of ROC,AUC）评估模型识别性能。结果 肝脂肪病变组脉象信号RQA特征RR、DET、L、ENTR、LAM、TT、Vmax均高于非肝脂肪病变组（P＜0.05）;基于脉象信号RQA特征建立的体检人群肝脂肪病变识别模型,其准确率为80.34％、精确率为82.166％、召回率为86.000％、F1值为84.039％、AUC为86.774％。结论 与非肝脂肪病变组相比,肝脂肪病变组的脉象信号系统表现出更高的规律性、确定性、稳定性,基于RQA特征建立的体检人群肝脂肪病变识别模型能较好地区分肝脂肪病变组与非病变组的脉象信号,可为肝脂肪病变的早期预警及辅助诊断提供一定的临床参考。     

Histopathological Profile In Fatal Yellow Phosphorous Poisoning

Yellow phosphorous (YP) is the toxic form of elemental phosphorous and the chief constituent of firecrackers and rodenticides. In India, the rodenticide paste is frequently used for the suicidal purpose. This study is an autopsy‐based observational study which describes the histopathological features of heart, lungs, liver, and kidney of fatal cases of YP poisoning. The most common autopsy features in the viscera were congestion and petechial hemorrhage. The liver histopathology findings were microvesicular steatosis (68%), hepatic necrosis (62%), macrovesicular steatosis (50%), inflammatory cells (46%), sinusoidal congestion (40%), cholestasis (32%), and toxic hepatitis (18%). Hepatic necrosis ranged from being focal to centrizonal in distribution. Congestion was the most common feature observed in the lungs and the kidney. This is the largest autopsy‐based study on YP poisoning till date. The histopathological features of liver were consistent with YP poisoning whereas the findings of heart, lungs, and kidney were nonspecific in nature.     

一氧化氮对As_2O_3抑制马立克氏病病鸡肝肿瘤生长的影响

人工复制鸡马立克氏病(MD)病例模型,通过腹腔注射三氧化二砷(As2O3,按体重3.0mg/kg),分别于注射后第35,40和45d观察了马立克氏病病鸡的病理学改变,并检测了肝肿瘤组织一氧化氮(NO)含量,总NOS(T-NOS)、诱导型NOS(iNOS)与构建型NOS(cNOS)活性和iNOSmRNA的表达水平,探讨了NO在As2O3抑制MD病鸡肝肿瘤生长中的作用。结果表明,MD病鸡肝肿瘤组织内的NO含量,T-NOS、cNOS及iNOS的活性增高,iNOSmRNA表达水平升高,As2O3能够显著抑制肝肿瘤生长,使肿瘤组织内的NO含量,T-NOS、cNOS及iNOS活性和iNOSmRNA表达水平降低,并呈现时间效应。证实NO在AsO抑制MD病鸡肝肿瘤生长中发挥着重要作用,这是AsO抗肿瘤作用的机制之一。     

肝血管瘤的法医学鉴定1例

肝血管瘤的法医学鉴定１例郭红斌（北京市高级人民法院；北京１０００３９）ＭＥＤＩＣＯＬＥＧＡＬＡＰＰＲＡＩＳＡＬＯＦＨＥＰＡＴＩＣＨＥＭＡＮＧＩＯＭＡ：ＡＣＡＳＥＲＥＰＯＲＴ￥ＧｕｏＨｏｎｇｂｉｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＦｏｒｅｎｓｉｃＭｅｄｉｃｎｅ...     

Acute Fatal Upper Airway Obstruction from an Occult Cavernous Hemangioma of the Larynx

A 42-year-old previously well man collapsed while holding his throat. Resuscitation was unsuccessful, and at autopsy, the most significant findings were limited to the larynx, pharynx, and anterior mediastinum where there were multinodular dark blue tumors. Within the larynx, the lower border of the tumor was well demarcated, not extending beyond the vocal cords. A separate large polypoidal tumor mass was attached to the right aryepiglottic fold by a thin fibrous stalk. Histologic examination revealed numerous large, thin-walled cavernous-type vascular spaces typical of a multifocal cavernous hemangioma. Death was due to asphyxiation from obstruction of the upper airways by a cavernous hemangioma of the larynx. Adult laryngeal hemangiomas are rare and are usually supraglottic. This case demonstrates that pedunculated laryngeal cavernous hemangiomas may remain occult until the initiation of an obstructive episode with sudden collapse and death. In such instances, the diagnosis must rely upon an autopsy examination.     

大鼠死后肝细胞核DNA的组织化学定量研究

推断死亡时间是法医学尸体检验须解决的重要问题之一。本实验用显微分光光度计定量测定了不同环境温度下（１０℃、２０℃、３０℃）大鼠死后不同时间肝细胞核ＤＮＡ平均含量，发现１０℃、２０℃、３０℃下大鼠死后肝细胞核ＤＮＡ含量与死亡时间呈负线性相关，其相关系数分别为—０．９９０５、—０．９８６３、—０．９７０２，且随环境温度升高ＤＮＡ含量的下降速度明显加快。作者认为ＤＮＡ组织化学定量技术可望成为推断死亡时间的新方法。     

A Rare Presentation of Sudden Death due to Pulmonary Thromboembolism Possibly as a Result of Giant Hepatic Hemangioma

Hepatic hemangiomas are usually detected incidentally when investigating for other nonrelated pathologies. When symptomatic, they are usually large and cause symptoms such as abdominal discomfort or other digestive issues. Occasionally, uncommon presentations such as bleeding with coagulopathy (Kasabach–Merritt syndrome) or even fever of unknown origin may occur. As hepatic hemangiomas are benign, they do not result in tumor emboli and pulmonary thromboembolism due to hepatic hemangiomas is extremely rare. This is a case report of a rare case of a female with no known past medical history who presented with sudden death due to pulmonary thromboembolism, possibly as a result of an underlying giant hepatic hemangioma. Incidentally, she also had three other tumors—pancreatic cystic lymphangioma, cerebral capillary telangiectasia, and papillary thyroid carcinoma, and their potential contribution to the cause of death will be discussed.