网上查找法律案例的方法与技巧

网上检索法律案例均需要一些分析课题、选择检索工具、选择检索途径的方法和技巧,并一些适用的网站可供选择。     

试述计算机信息检索对图书情报的影响

图书情报的发展概述 ,四种计算机信息检索的优势与劣势 ,计算机信息检索对图书情报的影响。     

《民法典》视野下统一动产和权利担保登记制度的构造

在登记对抗主义之下,动产和权利担保登记的功能不在于创设一个新的权利,而在于为与担保人进行交易的第三人提供信息以及为确定竞存权利之间的优先顺位提供基础。如此,动产和权利担保登记系统应以声明登记制为基础而构建。《民法典》就动产和权利担保物权的功能主义立法方法为统一动产和权利担保登记制度提供了法律上的前提。在维持特殊动产、权利担保登记系统的前提下,统合没有所有权登记的标的物上的担保登记系统,并建立两大登记系统之间的电子链接。统一的动产和权利担保登记系统应是基于互联网的完全电子化的登记系统,其编制采取人的编成主义,并辅之以物的编成主义,涵盖所有在功能上起担保作用的交易类型。担保权人可以自主在线完成登记和查询,但为防止欺诈登记和虚假登记,担保人享有受领登记通知、请求注销或修正登记的权利,担保权人负有注销登记的义务。     

论网上摸底排队

摸底排队是侦查机关在侦查实践中形成的一项常规性侦查措施，在犯罪手段日新月异的今天，它遇到了前所未有的挑战，尤其在对付流窜犯罪方面显得力不从心。现代信息技术和网络技术赋予了摸底排队新的内涵。网上摸底排队在摸排范围、手段、方式及侦查成本方面有了很大的突破。网上摸底排队可以通过作案手段特点、住宿登记、通讯记录、银行邮政汇兑、二手市场（旧货收购市场）、视频监控录像等途径进行。     

关于摸底排队侦查措施原理与方法的拓展

在新形势下,摸底排队侦查措施面临着挑战,需要对其原理与方法加以拓展。在传统意义上的因果关系原理和同一认定原理在指导摸底排队工作中的内涵和外延需要扩充,同时系统论的相关原理、信息转移原理应当拓展到摸底排队侦查措施中来。在探析拓展摸底排队侦查措施原理的基础上,摸底排队侦查措施的具体方式方法应当拓展且不限于利用通信痕迹、视频监控、网上摸排等方法上。     

Familial DNA searching- an emerging forensic investigative tool

In recent years, jurisdictions across the United States have expressed a growing interest in aiding criminal investigations through the use of familial DNA searching (FDS)- a forensic technique to identify family members through DNA databases. The National Survey of CODIS Laboratories surveyed U.S. CODIS laboratories about their perceptions, policies, and practices related to FDS. In total, 103 crime labs completed the survey (77% response rate). Labs in 11 states reported using FDS, while labs in 24 states reported using a similar-but distinct- practice of partial matching. Although the majority of labs had positive perceptions about the ability of FDS to assist investigations, labs also reported a number of concerns and challenges with implementing FDS. Respondents reported using either practice a limited amount with modest numbers of convictions resulting from both FDS and partial matching. The article reports on varying practices related to official policies, training, eligibility, the software search, lineage testing, requirements for releasing information, and subsequent investigative work. Finally, the article discusses what can be learned from this survey, accompanying limitations, and implications for decision-makers considering using FDS.     

我国检索刊物现状、问题及对策

检索刊物是检索文献最基本的工具。我国检索刊物的特点是学科分工较细,建立了相对完整的报刊检索体系。但也存在着诸多问题:编辑出版分散,学科地域分布不太合理;收录文献类型较少,不稳定,报道量不足;连续性、稳定性较差,报道时差大;著录质量欠佳,检索途径少,等等。我们应针对问题,采取相应的对策,确保检索刊物的健康发展。     

Forensic databases,a perspective from the penitentiary centers of Spain

Scientific and technological progress in the field of forensic genetics is very useful in the resolution of criminal cases, but it entails the need for a deep ethical reflection, as the individual Fundamental Rights may be violated.This project aims to collect and compare the opinion of prisoners and prison officials on what characteristics the country's forensic database should have. In this context, 210 subjects were surveyed, 101 of them prisoners and the rest prison officials, from three different Spanish penitentiary centers.Among the results obtained, most prisoners and officials consider the national DNA database to be useful, and additionally, a 40% of the participants would support the integration of the profiles of the entire population. 64% considered it ethical to use the DNA profiles of the database as a tool for familial searching. Despite this, half of the respondents are concerned about the future uses of the DNA database.Integrating the opinion of these analyzed groups with other relevant judicial, scientific and ethical convictions, ensures the regulation between security and individual’s Human Rights.     

Host‐habitat Location by the Parasitoid,Nasonia vitripennis Walker (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

This study investigated the role of odorant cues used during host‐habitat location by the generalist parasitoid, Nasonia vitripennis Walker. Nasonia vitripennis is a common parasitoid of Dipteran pupae found in association with decaying carrion. Behavioral assays were used to investigate the host‐habitat searching behavior under different scenarios. First, we demonstrated N. vitripennis to be significantly attracted toward odorant cues associated with decaying meat. The biological activity of nine of the volatile molecules constituting the odor of decaying meat was tested on the searching behavior of parasitoid females through two complementary chemoecological approaches: electroantennography (EAG) and olfactometry bioassays. Butanoic acid and butan‐1‐ol elicited high olfactory responses, but no attraction was induced by these two chemicals. Behavioral assays showed that, among the VOCs tested, methyldisulfanylmethane (DMDS) was the only volatile chemical to induce attraction in N. vitripennis.     

论“人肉搜索”立法的价值取向

“人肉搜索”是21世纪的新生事物，人们借助网络通过沟通和交流来查找与发布信息，网民之间相互帮助，探寻事实真相，必要时形成强大的社会舆论，支持与弘扬真善美，揭露和鞭挞假丑恶。这是互助与正义等伦理道德观念在网络时代的必然实践，不是任何力量所能阻止的。近年来的实践效果表明，其正面的社会作用和伦理价值远大于负面的因素和可能出现的不良影响。要充分相信广大网民整体上的道德素质和自律能力。如果对“人肉搜索”立法，就要有利于这一伟大实践的进行，并对其加以科学引导和合理规范，特别是强化网络服务提供者的责任，而不是限制这一实践的开展。